骨肌肉的整合生理学,以保持认知健康
Matthew H Brisendine1, Joshua C Drake1
1Department of Human Nutrition, Foods, and Exercise, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia, USA.
The Journal of physiology
|September 7, 2025
概括
衰老会影响认知和身体健康. 骨肌肉健康,包括力量和质量,越来越被认为是影响认知衰退和阿尔茨海默病风险的关键因素.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 老年学是一门学科.
- 肌肉生理学 肌肉生理学
背景情况:
- 认知能力下降和身体障碍在衰老中很常见,影响独立性.
- 传统上被视为以大脑为中心的认知衰退现在与外周系统健康有关.
- 骨肌肉的健康状况,包括动力衰弱和肉类衰弱,与阿尔茨海默氏症 (AD) 病理相关.
研究的目的:
- 审查骨肌肉在维持认知功能的关键作用.
- 探索骨肌肉健康如何预测认知能力下降和AD风险.
- 突出外围运动神经和骨肌肉作为阿尔茨海默病的潜在早期指标.
主要方法:
- 文献综述综合了关于骨肌肉,认知和AD的当前研究.
- 对研究的分析,研究肌肉质量,力量和神经健康之间的关系.
- 检查骨肌肉衍生因素,如脑衍生神经营养因子 (BDNF) 在神经发生过程中的作用.
主要成果:
- 骨肌肉功能障碍 (肌力发育障碍,肌肉发育障碍) 通常在AD大脑病理之前或与AD大脑病理一致.
- 骨肌作为内分泌器官,产生支持大脑健康的神经营养因子.
- 外周运动神经和神经肌肉结合的损伤与认知能力下降有关.
结论:
- 骨肌肉的健康是衰老中认知功能的重要决定因素.
- 周围系统的健康,特别是骨肌肉和运动神经,可以作为阿尔茨海默病风险的早期哨兵.
- 准骨肌肉健康可能是缓解认知衰退和AD进展的新策略.
相关概念视频
Exercise and Muscle Performance
2.3K
Exercise induces a range of adaptations in muscle tissue, depending on the type and duration of activity. Such physical training can be broadly categorized into two types: endurance exercises and resistance exercises.
Endurance exercises
Endurance exercises involve running, swimming, or cycling, which require repetitive movements with low force output. When a person engages in endurance exercise, a few noticeable changes occur in their skeletal muscles. For instance, the number of capillaries...
Endurance exercises
Endurance exercises involve running, swimming, or cycling, which require repetitive movements with low force output. When a person engages in endurance exercise, a few noticeable changes occur in their skeletal muscles. For instance, the number of capillaries...
2.3K
Overview of Skeletal Muscle
14.3K
Skeletal muscles are composed of a bundle of muscle fibers and are attached to bones through tendons. Each skeletal muscle fiber is a single muscle cell. The sarcolemma, the plasma membrane of a skeletal muscle cell, consists of a lipid bilayer and glycocalyx that supports muscle fibers. The sarcolemma extends into the muscle cells to form tubular structures called transverse or T-tubules. Each side of the T-tubules consists of a membrane-bound structure called the sarcoplasmic reticulum,...
14.3K
Gross Anatomy of Skeletal Muscles
19.1K
The connective tissues play a significant role in arranging the muscle fibers into a hierarchical structure that forms a complete muscle. Consider a muscle like the bicep brachii, commonly called the bicep. This muscle comprises thousands of muscle fibers enclosed by a protective layer of connective tissue called the endomysium. The endomysium is primarily composed of reticular fibers, a type of thin collagen fiber. It allows the exchange of nutrients and waste products at the fiber level,...
19.1K
Skeletal Muscle Anatomy
92.6K
Skeletal muscle is the most abundant type of muscle in the body. Tendons are the connective tissue that attaches skeletal muscle to bones. Skeletal muscles pull on tendons, which in turn pull on bones to carry out voluntary movements.
92.6K
Disorders of the Skeletal Muscle
1.7K
The clinical conditions affecting the skeletal muscle tissue are broadly categorized as musculoskeletal and neuromuscular disorders.
Musculoskeletal disorders
Musculoskeletal disorders involve injuries and conditions affecting the skeletal muscles and associated connective tissues. These disorders can arise from acute biomechanical stresses or chronic overuse and can occur across different age groups. Common injuries include sprains, fractures, and muscular strains, often resulting from...
Musculoskeletal disorders
Musculoskeletal disorders involve injuries and conditions affecting the skeletal muscles and associated connective tissues. These disorders can arise from acute biomechanical stresses or chronic overuse and can occur across different age groups. Common injuries include sprains, fractures, and muscular strains, often resulting from...
1.7K
Isotonic and Isometric Muscle Contractions
6.7K
Two primary types of muscle contractions are isotonic and isometric, each serving unique functions and involving distinct mechanisms. Both isotonic and isometric contractions are integral to the body's complex system of movement and stability. Isotonic exercises contribute significantly to functional strength and movement, while isometric contractions are crucial for maintaining posture and joint stability.
Isotonic contractions
Isotonic contractions occur when a muscle changes length while...
Isotonic contractions
Isotonic contractions occur when a muscle changes length while...
6.7K


