Gα12/13蛋白质的生理功能和结构特征
Sabriye Aydoğdu1, Anna Pepanian1, Dhruv C Rathod1
1Pharmaceutical Biochemistry and Bioanalytics, Pharmaceutical Institute, University of Bonn, Bonn 53121, Germany.
Biomedicine & pharmacotherapy = Biomedecine & pharmacotherapie
|September 7, 2025
概括
异构三基G蛋白 (GPCRs) 是关键的信号转换器. 本综述侧重于未经研究的Gα12/13家族,强调其在细胞功能和疾病发病过程中的作用.
科学领域:
- 分子生物学分子生物学
- 细胞信号传递 细胞信号传递
- 生物化学 生物化学
背景情况:
- 异构三级G蛋白通过G蛋白结合受体 (GPCR) 调解细胞对细胞外信号的反应.
- G蛋白信号传递是多样化的,Gα子单元分为四个家族:Gαs/olf,Gαi/o,Gαq/11和Gα12/13.
- 与其他Gα家族相比,Gα12/13家族的信号通路的理解较少.
研究的目的:
- 审查关于Gα12/13信号通路和结构性质的当前知识.
- 强调对Gα12/13家族进行进一步研究的重要性,以了解其生理作用.
- 确定有关Gα12/13家族信号机制和结构的知识差距.
主要方法:
- 对Gα12/13蛋白质现有研究的文献综述.
- 对研究Gα12/13与Rho GTPases相互作用的研究分析.
- 综合与Gα12/13参与生理过程和疾病相关的发现.
主要成果:
- Gα12/13家族调节关键细胞功能,包括细胞迁移,粘附和细胞骨动力学.
- Gα12/13的失调与喘,心血管疾病和癌症等疾病有关.
- 在了解Gα12/13.3的详细信号级联和结构特征方面仍然存在重大差距.
结论:
- Gα12/13家族在许多生理过程和疾病发病过程中起着至关重要的作用.
- 对Gα12/13信号和结构的进一步调查对于治疗标的识别至关重要.
- 对Gα12/13进行全面的表征对于推动药物发现工作至关重要.
相关概念视频
Activation and Inactivation of G Proteins
11.1K
Heterotrimeric G proteins are guanine nucleotide-binding proteins. As the name suggests, heterotrimeric G proteins are composed of three subunits: alpha, beta, and gamma. They remain GDP-bound or GTP-bound inside the cells and switch between inactive/active states. The Gα subunit possesses the nucleotide-binding pocket that binds guanine nucleotides and switches between GDP or GTP-bound states. In contrast, the Gꞵ and Gγ subunits are always bound together with high...
11.1K
Transducer Mechanism: G Protein–Coupled Receptors
4.0K
G Protein–Coupled Receptors (GPCRs) are membrane-bound receptors that transiently associate with heterotrimeric G proteins and induce an appropriate response to various stimuli. GPCRs regulate critical physiological pathways and are excellent drug targets for treating diseases such as diabetes, cancer, obesity, depression, or Alzheimer's. Nearly 35% of approved drugs implement their therapeutic effects by selectively interacting with specific GPCRs.
GPCRs are also called heptahelical,...
GPCRs are also called heptahelical,...
4.0K
Assembly of Signaling Complexes
6.5K
Multiprotein signaling complexes are formed in a dynamic process involving protein-protein interactions at the cytoplasmic domain of transmembrane receptors or enzymatic and non-enzymatic proteins associated with the receptor. These complexes ensure the activation and propagation of intracellular signals that regulate cell functions.
Interaction domains in cell signaling
Interaction domains recognize exposed features of their binding partners containing post-translationally modified sequences,...
Interaction domains in cell signaling
Interaction domains recognize exposed features of their binding partners containing post-translationally modified sequences,...
6.5K
G Protein-coupled Receptors
16.6K
G Protein-Coupled Receptors or GPCRs are membrane-bound receptors that transiently associate with heterotrimeric G proteins and induce an appropriate response to sensory stimuli such as light, odors, hormones, cytokines, or neurotransmitters.
GPCRs are also called heptahelical, 7TM, or serpentine receptors, and consist of seven (H1-H7) transmembrane alpha-helices that span the bilayer to form a cylindrical core. The transmembrane helices are connected by three extracellular loops and three...
GPCRs are also called heptahelical, 7TM, or serpentine receptors, and consist of seven (H1-H7) transmembrane alpha-helices that span the bilayer to form a cylindrical core. The transmembrane helices are connected by three extracellular loops and three...
16.6K
G-protein Coupled Receptors
131.6K
G-protein coupled receptors are ligand binding receptors that indirectly affect changes in the cell. The actual receptor is a single polypeptide that transverses the cell membrane seven times creating intracellular and extracellular loops. The extracellular loops create a ligand specific pocket which binds to neurotransmitters or hormones. The intracellular loops holds onto the G-protein.
131.6K
G-Protein Gated Ion Channels
5.6K
GPCRs are primarily responsible for our sense of smell, taste, and vision. The binding of a sensory stimulus activates GPCR to stimulate effector proteins, many of which are ion channels in the sensory organs. GPCRs modulate the opening and closing of the target ion channels either directly by binding them, or by releasing second messengers that activate these channels. As ions move across the membrane, the membrane potential is altered, which induces an appropriate response.
Sensory...
Sensory...
5.6K


