在急性COVID-19期间B细胞失调是暂时的
Suvi T Jokiranta1, Anh Nguyen Ngoc1, Xiaobo Huang1
1Department of Bacteriology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland; Translational Immunology Research Program, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
Immunology letters
|September 7, 2025
概括
COVID-19 感染会导致 B 细胞和 T 辅助细胞群中的暂时变化,这些变化随着时间的推移而正常化. 虽然爱斯坦-巴尔病毒和人类疹病毒6B的重新激活在住院的COVID-19患者中很常见,但它们不能预测长期的气味丧失.
科学领域:
- 免疫学 免疫学 免疫学
- 病毒学 病毒学
- 传染性疾病 传染性疾病
背景情况:
- COVID-19 (冠状病毒疾病2019) 仍然是一个全球健康挑战.
- 在严重的COVID-19中,B细胞反应得到了充分的记录,但对轻度病例或长期免疫变化知之甚少.
- 在急性COVID-19期间疹病毒的重新激活是COVID-19 (PASC) 后急性后续症的潜在因素.
研究的目的:
- 在急性COVID-19和恢复期间调查B细胞亚群的自然动力学.
- 评估B细胞活动和疹病毒再激活的血清学标志物.
- 为了将疹病毒的重新激活与持续的厌氧 (气味丧失) 相关联起来,作为PASC的代理.
主要方法:
- 从120名SARS-CoV-2阳性患者 (门诊患者和住院患者) 收集的样本,症状出现后长达460天.
- 使用流细胞计分析B细胞和T辅助细胞亚群.
- 测量了自由光链,爱斯坦-巴尔病毒 (EBV) 血清学和疹病毒定量PCR (qPCR).
- 通过自我报告在COVID后3-12个月评估了厌氧.
主要成果:
- B细胞和T辅助细胞亚种群的变化在症状出现后200天内正常化.
- 自由光链在急性COVID-19中升高,特别是在住院患者中,但随着时间的推移正常化.
- 埃普斯坦-巴尔病毒 (EBV) 和人类疹病毒6B (HHV-6B) 的重新激活在住院患者中明显更频繁 (分别为47%和19%) 与门诊患者相比 (分别为4.3%和0%).
- 无与任何观察到的疹病毒重新激活没有显著关联.
结论:
- 感染SARS-CoV-2诱导循环B细胞和T辅助细胞群中的短暂变化,这些变化在随访期间消失.
- 在住院COVID-19患者中,EBV和HHV-6B的重新激活很普遍.
- 疹病毒的重新激活似乎与COVID-19后的持续性厌氧症的发展无关.
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