广泛分布的子帕拉米克索病毒亚基因型对免疫受损的人类构成风险
Celia Abolnik1, Michaela Hayes1
1Department of Production Animal Studies, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Pretoria, Onderstepoort, South Africa.
Zoonoses and public health
|September 8, 2025
概括
子类型1型帕拉米克索病毒 (PPMV-1) 是一种鸟类病毒,正在导致严重的人类感染,包括死亡,特别是在免疫受损的个体中. 全球正在出现新的亚基因型,突出显示需要持续监测和风险评估.
科学领域:
- 兽医病毒学 兽医病毒学
- 动物传播疾病 动物传播疾病
- 分子流行病学分子流行病学
背景情况:
- pigeon paramyxovirus type 1 (PPMV-1) 是鸟类骨科病毒1 (AOAV-1) 的一种变体,在子和子中引起致命的疾病.
- 虽然PPMV-1在人类中通常会引起轻微的结膜炎,但自2003年以来,PPMV-1在免疫功能低下的人群中与严重的呼吸道和神经系统感染有关.
研究的目的:
- 调查南非PPMV-1菌株的遗传多样性和进化史.
- 确定全球与人类感染相关的PPMV-1菌株的遗传关系.
主要方法:
- 在南非 (2012-2024) 的子和子中测序PPMV-1分离物.
- 用最大概率和时间尺度方法进行的家系学分析.
- 对人类感染病例的序列数据进行审查和重新分析.
主要成果:
- 自2005年以来流传的PPMV-1亚基因型VI.2.1.1.2.1于2021年在南非被检测出来.
- 亚基因型VI.2.1.1.2.2在南非首次被发现,大约在2017年引入.
- 导致人类致命感染的以前未经分类的病毒被确定为VI.2.1.1.2.2,VI.2.1.1.1和XXI.1.1.1.1亚基因型.
结论:
- 自1953年以来,PPMV-1已经导致了所有五起记录的AOAV-1相关的人类死亡事故.
- 亚基因型VI.2.1.1.2.2与3例人类死亡和1例严重疾病有关.
- 由于PPMV-1在子和子中流行,对免疫受损人群构成重大健康风险.
更多相关视频
相关概念视频
Viral Recombination
24.9K
Cells are sometimes infected by more than one virus at once. When two viruses disassemble to expose their genomes for replication in the same cell, similar regions of their genomes can pair together and exchange sequences in a process called recombination. Alternatively, viruses with segmented genomes can swap segments in a process called reassortment.
24.9K
Pneumonia I: Introduction
749
Pneumonia is an acute respiratory infection that targets the lungs, specifically the alveoli. These tiny air sacs, essential for oxygen exchange, become engorged with pus and fluid, severely hindering breathing, decreasing oxygen absorption, and causing significant pain and discomfort during respiration.
Risk Factors
Various factors influence the likelihood of developing pneumonia. Age plays a crucial role, with infants, children under two, and individuals over 65 at increased risk due to their...
Risk Factors
Various factors influence the likelihood of developing pneumonia. Age plays a crucial role, with infants, children under two, and individuals over 65 at increased risk due to their...
749
Viral Mutations
39.7K
A mutation is a change in the sequence of bases of DNA or RNA in a genome. Some mutations occur during replication of the genome due to errors made by the polymerase enzymes that replicate DNA or RNA. Unlike DNA polymerase, RNA polymerase is prone to errors because it is not capable of “proofreading” its work. Viruses with RNA-based genomes, like HIV, therefore accrue mutations faster than viruses with DNA-based genomes. Because mutation and recombination provide the raw material...
39.7K
Vaccinations
51.3K
Overview
51.3K
Viruses with RNA Genomes
840
RNA viruses are categorized into positive-strand, negative-strand, or double-stranded groups based on their genomic structure and replication mechanisms. This classification dictates how they exploit host cellular machinery for protein synthesis and replication. Some RNA viruses also utilize reverse transcription as part of their life cycle, further diversifying their replication strategies.Positive-Strand RNA VirusesPositive-strand RNA viruses have genomes that function directly as messenger...
840
Subviral Agents
534
Subviral agents are infectious entities that resemble viruses but lack one or more viral components, such as a capsid or essential replication machinery. These agents include viroids, prions, and satellites, each possessing distinct structural and functional characteristics that influence their mode of infection and replication.Viroids are the simplest subviral agents, consisting of circular, single-stranded RNA molecules without a protein coat. They exclusively infect plants, relying entirely...
534


