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使用临床设置数据对与年龄相关的黄斑退化和痴呆风险的纵向评估
Natan Lishinsky-Fischer1, Yaacov Cnaany1, Itay Nitzan1
1Department of Ophthalmology, Hadassah Medical Organization and Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel.
Ophthalmology science
|September 8, 2025
概括
在全球范围内,与年龄相关的黄斑变性 (AMD) 与阿尔茨海默病或血管痴呆症没有一致的联系. 然而,一些地区,如美国,显示风险降低,这表明医疗保健差异影响了这些关联.
科学领域:
- 眼科医生 眼科 眼科
- 神经学 神经学
- 流行病学 流行病学
背景情况:
- 与年龄相关的黄斑变性 (AMD) 是老年人视力丧失的主要原因.
- 痴呆症,包括阿尔茨海默氏症 (AD) 和血管痴呆症,构成了全球重大健康挑战.
- 关于AMD与痴呆风险之间的潜在关联,需要使用大规模临床数据进行进一步的研究.
研究的目的:
- 调查与年龄相关的黄斑变性 (AMD) 与患痴呆症的风险之间的关联.
- 将新血管AMD (nvAMD) 与非新血管AMD (non-nvAMD) 的患者的痴呆风险进行比较.
主要方法:
- 这是一项回顾性队列研究,利用来自三大TrinetX网络 (全球,美国,EMEA) 的数据.
- 在AMD和非AMD患者组之间比较痴呆症诊断 (AD,血管,未指明) 和药物使用情况.
- 使用Kaplan-Meier曲线和Cox比例危险模型对5,7年和10年随访的生存分析.
主要成果:
- 在AMD和AD或血管痴呆症之间没有发现一致的全球关联.
- 在美国,在5岁和7岁时,AMD显示AD和血管痴呆的风险降低.
- 欧洲精神病管理局 (EMEA) 的数据显示,在7岁和10岁时,阿尔茨海默病的保护性关联;全球未指明的痴呆症风险增加.
- 痴呆症药物使用量因地区而异,在全球较高,但在美国对于AMD患者较低.
结论:
- 在不同的人群中,AMD与AD或血管痴呆症的风险增加并不一致.
- 观察到的区域差异,特别是美国的保护性协会,凸显了医疗保健和诊断实践的潜在影响.
- 需要进一步的研究来阐明AMD和痴呆症亚型之间的复杂关系.
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