在进入环境的高风险港口中,用于微生物风险评估和来源归因的元基因组方法
Xiaozhou He1, Ran Zhang2, Jie Dong1
1NHC Key Laboratory of Medical Virology and Viral Diseases, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, China.
Biosafety and health
|September 8, 2025
概括
港口的环境转基因组学发现了潜在的病原体,包括子环状病毒和A型流感病毒 (H4N2). 这项研究提出了用于进口传染病控制的四级消毒策略.
科学领域:
- 环境微生物学环境微生物学
- 传染病流行病学 传染病流行病学
- 基因组学和生物信息学
背景情况:
- 新出现的传染病疫情凸显了对进口疾病进行强有力的控制的必要性.
- 进入港口的环境监测对于早期检测微生物入侵至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 通过海关和港口的环境监测,实施微生物入侵的动态跟踪.
- 建立基于元基因组学的监测框架,用于高风险港口环境中的微生物风险评估.
- 根据微生物风险水平提出一个有针对性的消毒策略.
主要方法:
- 从2024年7月到9月,从中国深的三个入境港口收集126个环境样本.
- 超基因组分析用于识别细菌,真菌,原生体,古物和病毒种类.
- 统计分析以评估病毒在不同参数 (区域,地点,港口,月份) 的分布.
主要成果:
- 检测到55个非病毒微生物群落和12个病毒种群.
- 显著比例的细菌 (26.8%),真菌 (100%) 和原生体 (71.4%) 显示出潜在的致病性.
- 病毒的流行率很高,菌体和未分类的病毒是最常见的;巨型病毒的比例在每个月有很大的变化.
- 发现了两种致病病毒:子病毒和A型流感病毒 (H4N2).
- 根据微生物风险,分类了四个不同的消毒区.
结论:
- 环境元基因组学为旅行者查提供了关键的补充,以控制进口传染病.
- 该研究建立了一个新的监测框架和一个为港口环境的四层消毒战略.
- 这些发现为预防和控制进口传染病提供了早期预警信号.
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