重视记住真假的可信性效应:对潜在记忆和猜测过程的分析
Daria Ford1, Lena Nadarevic1,2
1Department of Psychology, School of Social Sciences, University of Mannheim, Mannheim, Germany.
Journal of cognition
|September 8, 2025
概括
当信息的可信性与反相匹配时,人们更好地记住信息的真实性. 这项研究揭示了记忆中的可信性效应背后的认知过程,这对于准确的真相回忆至关重要.
科学领域:
- 认知心理学 认知心理学
- 记忆研究 记忆研究
- 信息真实性 信息真实性
背景情况:
- 可信性显著影响信息真实性的记忆.
- 以前的研究 (Vorms等人,2022) 表明陈述可信性和真实性反对记忆性能之间的相互作用.
- 了解可信性效应的认知机制对于现实世界的真相回忆至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 为了研究在记忆中的可信性效应背后的认知过程.
- 检查陈述可信性和真实性反如何相互作用以影响真伪的记忆.
- 分析语句记忆,反记忆和猜测过程的贡献.
主要方法:
- 一个预先注册的实验,涉及参与者研究四种陈述类型 (可信的真,可信的假,不可信的真,不可信的假) 与真实性反.
- 一个识别测试,参与者识别了陈述的陈述及其相关真实性反.
- 多项式建模用于估计记忆和猜测响应组件.
主要成果:
- 可信性效应被复制,显示陈述可信性和真实性反对正确的归因之间的相互作用.
- 猜测过程和语句记忆解释了合理性效应.
- 当反与可信度一致时,陈述记忆更强;反记忆在不一致的情况下得到改善.
结论:
- 记忆中的可信性效应是由陈述可信性,反和相关认知过程之间的相互作用驱动的.
- 关于记忆的准确结论的真实性需要详细检查基础陈述和反记忆,以及猜测策略.
- 这些发现突出了感知真实性和记忆准确性之间的复杂相互作用.
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