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斑点光学一致性断层扫描参数和近视眼中的发生眼光障碍

Wei Ma^1,2, Xinyi Li^1,3, Liqing Xie^1,3

¹State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China.

Translational vision science & technology

|September 8, 2025

概括

光学连贯断层扫描 (OCT) 度量可以预测近视眼睛的玻璃眼风险. 更薄的视网膜神经纤维层 (RNFL),质细胞内层 (GCIPL) 和质细胞复合体 (GCC) 表示更高的风险,而更厚的内核层 (INL) 和光受体段 (PS) 也与发病率相关.

科学领域:

眼科医生眼科眼科
医疗成像医学成像
生物医学工程生物医学工程

背景情况:

玻璃眼是全球不可逆转的失明的主要原因.
近视是发展青光眼的已知危险因素.
早期检测和风险分层对于治疗青光眼和预防视力丧失至关重要.

研究的目的:

调查光学连贯断层扫描 (OCT) 衍生的黄斑测量与近视患者发生发生光眼病的风险之间的相关性.
确定特定的OCT生物标志物,可以预测近视人口中的青光眼发病率.

主要方法:

一项纵向观察性研究,涉及来自英国生物银行的24,181名近视参与者.
参与者被跟踪平均13.2年,以诊断发生的玻璃眼.
进行了考克斯回归分析,以评估基线OCT指标与青光眼发病率之间的关联,并对共变量进行调整.

主要成果:

在582只眼睛中诊断出发生型玻璃眼. 青光眼患者年龄较大,更有可能是男性,并且近视更严重.
更薄的视网膜神经纤维层 (RNFL),质细胞内层 (GCIPL) 和质细胞复合体 (GCC) 与发生眼的风险增加有关.
更厚的内核层 (INL) 和光受体细分 (PS) 也与玻璃眼发病率有积极联系.

结论:

从OCT获得的RNFL,GCIPL,GCC,INL和PS厚度的基线测量是近视个体中青光眼发病率的重要预测指标.
在眼睛中观察到内层变薄 (INL除外) 和外层变厚的模式,这些眼睛患有青光眼.
来自境外和海外国家的指标显示,对早期青光眼风险评估和近视人群的临床监测充满希望.

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