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在青少年自闭症和/或智力障碍的故意自我伤害的相关性
Carmen Lopez-Arvizu1,2, Danielle L Steelesmith3, Brittany N Hand4
1Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, Maryland.
JAACAP open
|September 9, 2025
概括
自闭症和智力障碍 (ID) 的青少年的故意自我伤害 (DSH) 风险因素与神经典型的青少年相似. 增加年龄,创伤,心理健康状况和物质使用是关键的相关因素.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 精神病学是一个精神病学.
- 发育儿科 发育儿科
背景情况:
- 自闭症谱系障碍 (ASD) 和智力障碍 (ID) 影响着相当多的年轻人群.
- 蓄意自伤 (DSH) 是脆弱年轻人群中的一个关键问题.
- 了解ASD和/或ID的青少年的DSH相关性对于有针对性的干预至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 在被诊断为自闭症和/或智力障碍 (ID) 的年轻人中识别故意自伤 (DSH) 的人口统计和临床相关性.
- 为了比较患有自闭症的青少年和患有智障的青少年之间的DSH风险因素.
主要方法:
- 对2010-2020年期间的医疗补助申请数据进行了回顾性纵向队列分析.
- 研究包括41,230名5-24岁的青少年,他们患有自闭症和/或智障.
- 考克斯的比例危险回归分析了变量和时间之间的关联到DSH.
主要成果:
- DSH发生在2.6%的自闭症队列和2.7%的ID队列中.
- 与年龄较大,女性性别,虐待/疏忽史以及同时出现的心理健康/物质使用问题相关的DSH风险增加.
- 较低的DSH风险观察到中度ID的年轻人以及那些通过残疾或寄养照顾有资格获得医疗补助的人.
结论:
- 患有自闭症和ID的青少年的DSH风险因素在很大程度上反映了神经类型青少年的风险因素.
- 关键的危险因素包括年龄增长,创伤,心理健康状况,物质使用和女性性别.
- 需要对临床医生和消费者教育进行进一步的研究,以了解这一群体中自杀风险.
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