严重的肥胖症增加了儿科心脏移植中移植损失的风险
Joshua D Sparks1, Sarah J Wilkens1, Andrea Nicole Lambert1
1Department of Pediatrics, University of Louisville and Norton Children's Hospital, Louisville, Ky.
JTCVS open
|September 9, 2025
概括
接受心脏移植 (HT) 的儿童严重肥胖不会影响初始移植率,但导致长期生存显著恶化. 对严重肥胖的积极管理对于改善儿科心脏移植患者的治疗结果至关重要.
科学领域:
- 儿童心脏病学 儿童心脏病学
- 移植医学 移植医学
- 肥胖问题研究研究
背景情况:
- 严重的肥胖是已知的心血管不良事件和成年人心脏移植 (HT) 的结果的危险因素.
- 严重肥胖对儿科HT结局的影响仍未得到充分研究.
- 了解这些影响对于优化对末期心力衰竭儿童的护理至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 为了确定HT上列的儿童中严重肥胖的患病率.
- 检查严重肥胖对儿科HT结果的影响,包括移植率,等待名单死亡率和移植后生存率.
主要方法:
- 用美国器官共享网络数据库对HT上市的儿童 (>8岁) 进行回顾性分析.
- 根据疾病控制和预防中心 (CDC) 的BMI标准定义的严重肥胖症.
- 严重肥胖 (n=212) 和非肥胖 (n=2417) 儿童之间的特征和结果的比较.
主要成果:
- 两组之间移植率或等候名单死亡率没有显著差异.
- 严重肥胖的儿童具有不同的人口和临床特征 (例如,先天性心脏病较少,有更多的黑人种族,较高的肌素,LVAD支持,较老的供体移植).
- 虽然早期的结果相似,但严重的肥胖症与显著的长期生存劣势相关 (10年生存率:47%vs.64%,P=.01),特别是在老年儿童中,并被确定为独立的死亡风险因素.
结论:
- 严重的肥胖症对儿科心脏移植接受者具有显著的长期生存劣势.
- 病理生理机制可能涉及由于肥胖相关的代谢障碍而导致的加快的全移植血管病变.
- 重度肥胖的移植前和移植后的积极管理是必不可少的,特别是对于年长的儿童和青少年.
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