生活方式和环境因素对生育能力的影响
Anett Szabó1,2, Péter Nyirády1,2, Zsolt Kopa1,2
1Department of Urology.
Current opinion in urology
|September 9, 2025
概括
男性生育能力受到生活方式和环境因素的重大影响,如吸烟,酒精,肥胖和污染. 修改这些暴露可以改善精子质量和生殖健康结果.
科学领域:
- 生殖医学 生殖医学
- 环境健康 环境健康
- 男人的健康 男人的健康
背景情况:
- 男性不孕症影响超过50%的不孕夫妇,精液质量下降越来越令人担忧.
- 在过去的40年里,精子度下降了50%以上.
- 研究可修改的生活方式和环境因素对于理解和解决男性不孕症至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 审查最近关于生活方式和环境暴露的科学证据,这些证据会对男性生育能力产生负面影响.
- 确定导致精液质量下降和男性生殖健康问题的关键因素.
主要方法:
- 关于男性生育能力和环境/生活方式暴露的最新研究的文献综述.
- 对吸烟,酒精,肥胖,吸毒和环境因素对精子质量和男性生殖健康的影响的综合证据.
主要成果:
- 吸烟,电子烟,长期饮酒和吸毒 (类固醇,大麻,阿片类药物) 会增加精子DNA的碎片化,并破坏荷尔蒙平衡.
- 肥胖通过荷尔蒙失衡和炎症损害精子生成;减肥改善精子参数.
- 环境因素,如热浪,颗粒物和内分泌干扰物,降低了精液质量,并可能导致丸失调.
- 抗氧化剂补充剂和某些饮食显示出改善精子质量和减少DNA碎片化的潜力.
结论:
- 生活方式和环境因素通过荷尔蒙干扰,氧化应激和生殖细胞损伤显著损害男性生殖健康.
- 这些有害暴露是常见的,但往往是可逆的.
- 识别和修改这些因素对于提高生育结果和减少长期健康负担至关重要.
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