不恰当的药物使用和与多药在手术患者的关联:回顾性,基于人口的队列研究
Freyja Jónsdóttir1,2, Anna B Blöndal1,3, Aðalsteinn Guðmundsson4,5
1Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland.
Acta anaesthesiologica Scandinavica
|September 9, 2025
概括
在老年手术患者中,潜在的不适当的药物使用是常见的,特别是那些具有多种药物的手术患者. 这增加了伤害,死亡和更长时间住院的风险,突出了需要药物审查的必要性.
科学领域:
- 老年医学 老年医学
- 手术护理 手术护理
- 药理学 药理学是指药理学的学科.
背景情况:
- 评估老年外科病人的潜在不合适药物使用 (PIM) 的流行率和发病率.
- 在这个人口群体中调查PIM使用和多药之间的关联.
研究的目的:
- 确定在接受手术的老年患者中使用PIM的流行率和发病率.
- 检查PIM使用与不同级别的多药 (非多药,多药,超多药) 之间的关系.
- 确定PIM使用的风险因素及其对术后结果的影响.
主要方法:
- 对65岁以上的患者进行了回顾性,基于人口的队列研究,他们接受了第一次手术.
- 2005年至2018年间从冰岛国家大学医院Landspitali收集的数据.
- 按药物的使用分类的患者 (非多药<5,多药5-9,超多药≥10) 手术前和后. 根据2019年酒标准评估的PIM使用情况.
主要成果:
- 分析了17,198例外科住院病例,53.8%为女性,年龄中位数为75岁.
- PIM的流行率: 36.6% (非多药), 80.2% (多药), 95.8% (超多药).
- 38.5%的新PIM在手术后使用. 风险因素:女性性别,并发症,先前多剂量开放.
- 使用PIM与更高的与药物相关的危害,30天死亡率 (5.2%对0.3%),更长的住院时间和30天再入院的增加有关.
结论:
- 潜在不适当的药物使用非常普遍,并且与老年手术患者的多药/超多药密切相关.
- 使用PIM的患者的不良结果,包括与药物相关的伤害,死亡率和延长住院时间,显著增加.
- 手术性住院是药物审查,处方停止和规划减轻与药物相关的危害的关键机会.
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