植物中的CRISPR RNP介导的无转基因基因组编辑:树木物种的进步,挑战和未来方向
Muthusamy Ramakrishnan1, Rashmi Kaul2, Anket Sharma3,4
1State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Bamboo Research Institute, Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration on Subtropical Forest Biodiversity Conservation, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.
Plant, cell & environment
|September 9, 2025
概括
通过CRISPR核糖蛋白 (RNP) 基因组编辑,可以在植物中进行无转基因的基因改造. 本综述批判性地评估了木质植物的RNP交付和再生挑战,并提出了提高基因组编辑效率的未来研究方向.
科学领域:
- 植物生物技术 植物生物技术
- 基因组编辑 基因组编辑
- 分子生物学分子生物学
背景情况:
- 通过CRISPR核糖蛋白 (RNP) 介导的基因组编辑为各种植物物种进行精确的基因改造提供了一种无转基因的方法.
- 包括树木在内的木质植物对RNP编辑提出了独特的挑战,例如由复杂的细胞壁和反抗性基因型引起的低效传递和再生困难.
- 目前的RNP传递方法,如PEG介导的原质细胞转移和粒子轰炸,在木质物种中存在局限性.
研究的目的:
- 批判性地重新评估RNP中介基因组编辑的最新进展,特别是在木质植物物种中.
- 识别和突出阻碍RNP技术在树木中的有效应用的主要障碍.
- 提出未来的研究方向,以开发改进的RNP输送系统和木质植物再生协议.
主要方法:
- 对在木质植物中RNP介导的基因组编辑现有文献的审查和批判性评价.
- 分析与树种RNP交付和植物再生相关的挑战.
- 探索RNP交付的替代策略,包括脂化,电穿孔,细胞透和基于纳米粒子的系统.
主要成果:
- 与基于等离子体的CRISPR系统相比,RNP编辑提供了一个无DNA策略,简化了监管过程,并最大限度地减少了非目标效应.
- 在各种木质物种中实现高效的RNP传递和再生仍然存在重大障碍,这些障碍往往比草本植物更明显.
- 有希望的替代RNP传递方法在木质物种中基本上未经测试,这表明需要进一步的研究和开发.
结论:
- 在RNP技术的进步为长寿树种的遗传改进提供了显著的潜力.
- 克服RNP传递和再生方面的挑战对于实现木质植物基因组编辑的全部好处至关重要.
- 针对特定树木的RNP传递系统和优化再生协议的有针对性的研究对于未来的进步至关重要.
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