人类非洲三虫病 (HAT):流行病学,生物诊断和治疗:一篇综述
Patindoilba Marcel Sawadogo1,2, Jean Axel T Kabore3,4, Kiswendsida Thierry Guiguemde5,6
1Région du Centre, Université Joseph Ki-Zerbo, Rue Thomas Sankara, O3 BP 7021, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso. sawadogopmarcel@yahoo.fr.
Acta parasitologica
|September 9, 2025
概括
开发新的诊断工具和治疗方法对于中断人类非洲三虫病 (HAT) 传播至关重要. 目前用于诊断和治疗HAT的方法缺乏特异性,敏感性,并可能导致副作用,突出强调迫切需要更好的解决方案.
科学领域:
- 被忽视的热带疾病被忽视的热带疾病
- 寄生虫学的寄生虫学
- 全球卫生健康 全球卫生健康
背景情况:
- 人类非洲试索米亚症 (HAT),或睡眠疾病,构成了重大的公共卫生挑战.
- 世界卫生组织的目标是到2030年消除HAT传播.
- 刚果民主共和国 (DRC) 报告了大多数HAT病例.
研究的目的:
- 为HAT提供最新的流行病学,诊断工具和治疗剂的综合分析.
- 为实现世界卫生组织2030年消除HAT的目标制定战略提供信息.
主要方法:
- 从1960年到2024年的流行病学数据的审查.
- 对HAT的现有和新兴诊断技术的分析.
- 对HAT的现有和新药学治疗方法的评估.
主要成果:
- 在非洲报告了超过132,000例HAT病例,主要在刚果民主共和国.
- 像CATT和ITL这样的传统诊断有局限性;新的测试缺乏特异性.
- 目前的治疗方法 (pentamidine,suramin,melarsoprol,eflornithine,nifurtimox) 有不同的疗效和副作用.
- 在2019年和2024年批准用于不同HAT形式的fexinidazole,提供了一个新的口服治疗选择.
结论:
- 对于HAT.有着更敏感和更具特异性的现场部署的诊断工具的关键需求.
- 迫切需要开发更少毒性,易于使用,更有效的HAT药物.
- 应对这些挑战对于成功的HAT控制和消除工作至关重要.
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