长期COVID和美国成年人中的粮食不安全,2022-2023年
John C Lin1,2, Madison McCarthy3,4, Sriya Potluri1,2
1Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia.
JAMA network open
|September 9, 2025
概括
粮食不安全性增加了长期COVID (COVID-19后疾病) 的风险,并阻碍了恢复. 像SNAP和就业等食品援助计划可以减轻这些影响,强调需要解决健康的社会决定因素.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 流行病学 流行病学
- 医疗保健服务研究 医疗服务研究
背景情况:
- 长期COVID (COVID-19后的情况) 构成了重大的公共卫生挑战.
- 长期COVID和与健康相关的社会需求 (如粮食不安全) 之间的关系尚不清楚.
- 识别可修改的风险因素和干预措施对于管理长期COVID至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 为了检查粮食不安全和长期COVID之间的联系.
- 评估补充营养援助计划 (SNAP) 的参与和就业状况如何改变这种关联.
主要方法:
- 使用2022-2023年国家健康访谈调查数据进行回顾性,横截面调查.
- 包括18岁以上的成年人,先前患有COVID-19感染,评估粮食不安全和长期COVID状态.
- 后勤回归分析计算了几率比率 (OR) 和95%的置信区间 (CI).
主要成果:
- 粮食不安全与当前长期COVID的几率增加有关 (调整的OR,1.73;95%CI,1.39-2.15).
- 粮食不安全与长期COVID康复的几率降低有关 (调整后OR,0.70;95%CI,0.54-0.92).
- SNAP参与率和失业率显著改变了这些关联 (相互作用的P = .04).
结论:
- 粮食不安全与较高的患病率和较低的长期COVID的康复率有关.
- 像SNAP和就业支持这样的干预措施可能会减轻长期COVID的负担.
- 解决与健康相关的社会需求对于预防和治疗慢性疾病至关重要.
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