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确定影响自我报告的消化障碍的健康的社会决定因素:一项跨部门研究
Anittha Mappanasingam1, Paul Stratford1, Ashwini Namasivayam-MacDonald1
1Faculty of Health Sciences, School of Rehabilitation Science, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.
American journal of speech-language pathology
|September 9, 2025
概括
健康的社会决定因素对老年人影响失调症风险. 失业,粮食不安全和住房状况与吞困难有关,而种族影响了结果.
科学领域:
- 老年学是一门学科.
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 流行病学 流行病学
背景情况:
- 缺食症的患病率正在上升,不成比例地影响着某些人群.
- 健康的社会决定因素 (SDOH) 显著影响医疗保健的获取和结果.
- 老年人面临着与健康和社会经济因素有关的独特挑战.
研究的目的:
- 调查65岁及以上的美国成年人中SDOH和自我报告的消化障碍之间的关联.
- 为了确定特定的SDOH因素,有助于老年人群的消化不良风险.
- 为那些患有吞困难的弱势老年人提供有针对性的干预信息.
主要方法:
- 利用了2022年国家健康访谈调查 (NHIS) 的二次横截面数据.
- 分析了来自美国超过3.5万个人的健康信息.
- 采用渐进后勤回归和逆向淘汰分析来建模SDOH对食障碍的影响.
主要成果:
- 失业 (由于残疾/退休),粮食不安全和租房与自我报告的消化障碍的几率增加有关.
- 认为自己是黑人/非裔美国人或亚洲人的老年人报告说,食欲障碍的几率较低.
- 在统计和理论驱动的模型中,就业状况和种族成为重要的预测因素.
结论:
- 在老年人中,SDOH在食障碍的流行中发挥着关键作用.
- 根据SDOH识别有风险人群对于有效的食障碍查和护理至关重要.
- 需要进行进一步的研究,以了解和解决SDOH相关的食障碍管理中的差异.
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