动脉血栓的体外和体外流动模型:一个系统的审查
Hande Eyisoylu1, Rachele Cagnazzo2, Gijsje H Koenderink3
1Department of Hematology, Erasmus MC Cardiovascular Institute, Erasmus MC University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
Cardiology
|September 9, 2025
概括
本文审查了研究动脉血栓的基于流量的模型,发现宏观和微流体方法都为心血管研究提供了对血小板聚合和纤维素沉积的宝贵见解.
科学领域:
- 心血管研究研究心血管研究
- 生物医学工程 生物医学工程
- 血液学 血液学 血液学
背景情况:
- 动脉血栓症涉及血小板聚合和纤维素沉积,导致血管封闭,在心血管疾病 (如心脏病发作和中风) 中至关重要.
- 了解动脉血栓形成机制对于开发有效的预防性治疗和减少疾病负担至关重要.
- 基于体外和体外流量模型是研究在受控条件下的血栓形成的重要工具.
研究的目的:
- 系统地审查和分类用于研究动脉血栓的体外和体外流量模型.
- 评估这些模型的设计,生理相关性和实验实用性.
- 为研究动脉血栓症的研究人员提供全面的概述.
主要方法:
- 在Medline,Embase和Web of Science进行了系统的文献搜索,使用动脉血栓症和流动/剪切应力模型的术语.
- 两位独立审稿人对文章进行了选,其中包括使用动态流动实验室或实体外模型的研究.
- 82项研究符合纳入标准,不包括静态,静脉或体内模型.
主要成果:
- 宏观模型复制复杂的动脉流和血栓形成,类似于临床发现.
- 微流体模型可以精确控制剪切应力和几何,非常适合高分辨率成像和患者特定设计.
- 这两种模型类型在复制体内血液动力学方面都有局限性,但为机械研究和药物测试提供了有价值的平台.
结论:
- 没有一个单一的模型可以完美地复制体内环境来研究动脉血栓形成.
- 微型制造和标准化的持续创新增强了这些模型的生理相关性和临床可翻译性.
相关概念视频
01:29Blood Flow
Blood is pumped by the heart into the aorta, the largest artery in the body, and then into increasingly smaller arteries, arterioles, and capillaries. The velocity of blood flow decreases with increased cross-sectional blood vessel area. As blood returns to the heart through venules and veins, its velocity increases. The movement of blood is encouraged by smooth muscle in the vessel walls, the movement of skeletal muscle surrounding the vessels, and one-way valves that prevent backflow.
01:20Overview of the Vascular System
The vascular system comprises an extensive network of arteries, capillaries, and veins. The vascular system can be broadly divided into the blood and lymphatic systems. Typically, blood vessels can be categorized into three histological regions: tunica intima, tunica media, and tunica adventitia. The tunica intima consists of a single layer of endothelial cells attached to the basal lamina. Underlying the basal lamina is a connective tissue layer and an elastic lamina that gives stability and...
00:57Physiological Pharmacokinetic Models: Blood Flow-Limited Versus Diffusion-Limited Models
Physiological pharmacokinetic models, often called flow-limited or perfusion models, typically assume a swift drug distribution between tissue and venous blood, creating a rapid drug equilibrium. This premise is based on the idea that drug diffusion is extremely fast, and the cell membrane presents no barrier to drug permeation. In this scenario, where no drug binding occurs, the drug concentration in the tissue equals that of the venous blood leaving the tissue. This greatly simplifies the...
01:30Typical Model Studies
Fluid mechanics model studies often utilize scaled-down systems to predict fluid behavior in full-scale environments, such as river flows, dam spillways, and structures interacting with open surfaces. Maintaining Froude number similarity in river models is crucial, as it replicates surface flow features like wave patterns and velocities.