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儿童肥胖和COVID-19严重程度之间的关联在SARS-CoV-2变种之间有所不同:一项基于多国医院的观察性研究
Yanshan Zhu1, Petra Zimmermann2,3,4, Daniel K Yeoh5,6
1From the School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.
The Pediatric infectious disease journal
|September 9, 2025
概括
在早期的SARS-CoV-2变种期间,肥胖增加了儿童的严重COVID-19风险. 在Omicron浪潮期间,即使在未接种疫苗的儿童中也没有观察到这种关联,这表明疾病动态发生了变化.
科学领域:
- 儿童传染病 儿童传染病
- 流行病学 流行病学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 在祖先和三角洲变种浪潮期间,肥胖在儿童中构成了严重COVID-19的重大风险.
- 肥胖对儿童COVID-19严重性的影响在Omicron变种激增期间仍然未确定.
研究的目的:
- 调查不同SARS-CoV-2变种浪潮期间儿童肥胖和COVID-19严重程度之间的关联.
- 为了确定疫苗接种状态是否影响了肥胖和呼吸系统支持需求之间的关系.
主要方法:
- 一项多中心的观察性研究分析了确诊感染SARS-CoV-2的住院儿童和青少年.
- 数据跨越了三个时期:祖先菌株 (T1),前Omicron变种 (T2),和Omicron (T3).
- 测量的主要结果是呼吸辅助 (补充氧气或通风) 的要求.
主要成果:
- 肥胖与T1 (RR 3.45) 和T2 (RR 3.24) 期间增加的呼吸支持需求有关.
- 在Omicron波 (T3) (RR 3.08) 期间,这种关联并不显著.
- 这些发现在未接种疫苗的儿童中仍然存在,这表明接种疫苗不能解释减少的关联.
结论:
- 儿童肥胖是祖先和前Omicron波期间严重COVID-19的危险因素.
- 肥胖和严重的COVID-19之间的联系在Omicron浪潮期间丢失了.
- 这一转变突出显示了SARS-CoV-2变种在儿童群体上不断演变的影响,不论疫苗接种情况如何.
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