研究牛奶和山羊奶在5天冷藏期间的微生物和代谢动态
Yujing Wang1, Haoran Han1, Wanting Zhu1
1College of Food Science and Engineering, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109, Shandong, China.
International journal of food microbiology
|September 9, 2025
概括
制冷原奶储存会改变牛奶和山羊奶中的细菌生长,物理化学性质和代谢物概况. 特定的代谢物,如cystargolides A和gaburedin F,可以作为检测牛奶腐烂的生物标志物.
科学领域:
- 乳制品科学 乳制品科学
- 微生物学 微生物学
- 食品化学 食品化学
背景情况:
- 在4°C的温度下储存生牛奶可以促进心理变质细菌的生长,导致物理化学变化和质量降低.
- 了解微生物群,物理化学参数和代谢物之间的动态相互作用对于在储存期间保持牛奶质量至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 为了研究5天在4°C的冷藏储存期间,原牛奶和山羊奶的微生物群,物理化学特性和代谢物概况的变化.
- 根据微生物和代谢物变化,确定牛奶腐烂的潜在生物标志物.
主要方法:
- 分析细菌数量,可定位酸度,pH值,泽塔潜力,颗粒大小 (蛋白质和脂质),以及在4°C下5天内生牛奶和山羊奶的颜色.
- 微生物多样性分析使用16S rRNA测序来识别主导细菌种群.
- 代谢分析,以量化各种代谢物的变化.
主要成果:
- 冰箱储存显著增加了细菌数量,酸度,泽塔潜力和蛋白质颗粒大小,同时降低了pH,脂质颗粒大小,并在两种牛奶类型中改变了颜色.
- 观察到明显的微生物继承:Pseudomonas fluorescens在牛奶中占主导地位,而Pseudomonas fluorescens和Serratia proteamaculans在山羊奶中占主导地位.
- 发生了显著的代谢物波动,在牛奶中增加了cystargolides A和N-acetylneuraminic acid,在山羊奶中增加了gaburedin F,这表明它们可能是腐烂生物标志物.
结论:
- 在4°C下储存的生牛奶会经历显著的微生物和物理化学变化,牛奶和山羊奶之间占主导地位的细菌种群和代谢物概况明显转变.
- 特定的代谢物,包括cystargolides A,N-乙氨基酸和gaburedin F,显示出作为生物标志物的承诺,用于早期检测牛奶腐烂.
- 这些发现提供了对冷藏储存期间牛奶质量控制的复杂相互作用的关键见解,为改善牛奶安全和管理的战略提供了信息.
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