在白质超强度中,皮质稀薄和微观结构完整性的破坏
Xin Wang1, Jie Hu1, Xiaosan Wu2
1Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, He Fei 230601, China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Neuropsychiatric Disorders and Mental Health, Hefei 230032, China; Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Cognition and Neuropsychiatric Disorders, Hefei 230032, China.
Brain research bulletin
|September 9, 2025
概括
脑小血管疾病 (CSVD) 患有白质强度过高 (WMHs) 的患者由于白质损伤和皮质稀薄而表现出认知功能受损. 特定大脑区域的稀疏化调解了白质变化和认知缺陷之间的联系.
科学领域:
- 神经学 神经学
- 神经成像是一种神经成像.
- 认知神经科学 认知神经科学
背景情况:
- 大脑小血管疾病 (CSVD) 是认知障碍的常见原因之一.
- 在CSVD相关的白质超强度 (WMHs) 中,白质微观结构,皮质缩和认知功能之间的相互作用仍然不太清楚.
- 研究这些关系对于理解与WMH相关的认知衰退至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 阐明白质微观结构,皮质缩和WMH患者的认知功能之间的关联.
- 确定特定的大脑区域,其中皮质稀释介导白质变化对认知表现的影响.
- 揭示CSVD认知衰退的潜在机制.
主要方法:
- 包括71名WMH患者 (轻度,中度,重度) 和35名健康对照 (HC).
- 评估了白质微观结构,使用基于路径的空间统计 (TBSS) 评估了分数异构 (FA) 和平均扩散率 (MD).
- 使用基于表面的形态测量 (SBM) 测量皮层厚度,并使用标准化尺度评估认知功能,随后进行回归和调解分析.
主要成果:
- 与HC相比,中度至严重的WMH患者表现出认知障碍,FA减少,MD增加,皮质厚度减少.
- 皮层稀释在包括胰岛,上额回形和上边回形在内的区域中突出.
- 调解分析表明,特定左半球区域的皮质稀释 (例如,胰岛,上边缘) 显著调解了白质完整性 (FA,MD) 和口语流利性测试 (VFT) 分数之间的关系.
结论:
- WMH与白质变性和皮质稀薄有关,这两种因素都会导致认知能力下降.
- 左半球皮质稀释作为关键调解者,将白质微观结构的改变与VFT性能受损联系起来.
- 这些发现提供了对驱动CSVD认知缺陷的神经生物学机制的见解.
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