基于EEG的强迫症机器学习分类的系统审查:当前状态和未来方向
Mahdi Naderi1, Amir Jahanian-Najafabadi2
1Department of Cognitive Sciences, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran.
BMC psychiatry
|September 9, 2025
概括
脑电图 (EEG) 结合机器学习 (ML) 显示出诊断强迫症障碍 (OCD) 的潜力. 然而,目前的研究缺乏标准化的方法,这阻碍了对强迫症的可靠生物标记物的开发.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 计算精神病学是一种计算精神病学.
- 生物医学工程 生物医学工程
背景情况:
- 强迫症 (OCD) 是一种普遍的,残疾的精神疾病,诊断延迟.
- 脑电图 (EEG) 分析与机器学习 (ML) 结合,为客观的强迫症生物标志物提供了潜力.
- 目前的诊断挑战包括延迟识别和与其他精神疾病重叠.
研究的目的:
- 系统地审查和评估使用EEG数据从其他群体中分类强迫症患者的研究.
- 为了确定强迫症诊断的EEG-ML方法的当前状态和局限性.
- 突出了对强迫症的EEG-ML研究标准化的需要.
主要方法:
- 在主要科学数据库 (Web of Science,Scopus,PubMed,IEEE) 进行系统的文献搜索,遵循PRISMA指南.
- 纳入标准侧重于使用EEG数据对强迫症进行分类的研究.
- 数据提取包括研究特征,人口细节,EEG特征和ML方法.
主要成果:
- 十一项研究符合纳入标准,揭示了方法,种群和报告的显著异质性.
- 统计学解释的有限性和现代解释性技术的缺失 (例如,SHAP,LIME) 被注意到.
- 样本规模较小,人口统计数据缺口和文化限制是常见的限制因素.
结论:
- 对于强迫症分类的EEG-ML领域是新生的,需要紧急的方法标准化.
- 协调标准对于开发可靠和临床适用的强迫症生物标志物至关重要.
- 未来的研究应该专注于可靠的验证,可解释性和全面的报告,以推进基于EEG的强迫症诊断.
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