了解瑞典本土和移民工人因工伤而导致的职业伤害的差异:一项基于注册的重复横截面研究
Devy L Elling1, Theo Bodin2,3, Helena Honkaniemi4
1Unit of Occupational Medicine, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, SE-171 77, Sweden. devy.elling@ki.se.
Injury epidemiology
|September 9, 2025
概括
在瑞典,与本地出生的工人相比,移民面临更高的职业伤害因事故 (OIA) 的几率. 即使考虑到各种工作和人口因素,这些差异仍然存在,突出显示了工作场所的不平等.
科学领域:
- 职业健康 职业健康 职业健康
- 劳动社会学工作的社会学.
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 移民在危险的"三维工作" (脏,困难,有辱人格) 中占有不成比例.
- 了解职业伤害差异对于移民工人的安全至关重要.
- 之前的研究表明,移民人群在工作场所安全方面存在潜在的不平等.
研究的目的:
- 调查瑞典移民和本地出生的工人之间的职业伤害事故 (OIA) 差异.
- 检查移民特异性和与工作有关的因素对OIA差异的影响.
- 为改善移民工人安全提供有针对性的干预措施提供证据.
主要方法:
- 一项重复的横截面研究,利用2004-2020年瑞典全国范围的登记册.
- 每年包括大约450万个人,分析由于事故造成的职业伤害 (OIA) 作为二进制结果.
- 经过调整以社会人口统计因素,移民以来的时间和工作因素来估计OIA赔率的聚合后勤回归分析.
主要成果:
- 第一代移民 (OR 1.41) 和第二代移民 (OR 1.10) 与本地出生的工人相比,OIA的几率明显更高.
- 在第一代移民中,根据出生地区和移民原因观察到OIA赔率的变化.
- 移民工作与第一代移民的OIA几率降低 (OR 0.62),但在调整后,在移民群体中仍然存在OIA风险升高.
结论:
- 在瑞典,土生土长的工人和移民工人之间存在着由于职业事故造成的职业伤害 (OIA) 的显著差异.
- 这些发现强调了需要政策干预,以确保所有人的公平和安全的工作条件.
- 解决发现的不平等问题对于促进移民劳动力的安全工作环境至关重要.
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