北欧国家的性别肯定医疗保健:概述
Isak Gran1,2, Cecilia Dhejne3,4, Antti Mikkola5,6
1Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, 17176, Stockholm, Sweden.
概括
北欧国家提供公开资助的性别确认医疗保健,不断发展的法律框架朝着自我认同. 青少年使用率的增加凸显了对综合心理社会支持和对多样性性别认同的公平,基于证据的护理的需求.
科学领域:
- 医学和社会科学 医学和社会科学
- 公共卫生政策 公共卫生政策
- 性别研究是性别研究.
背景情况:
- 肯定性别的医疗保健有历史根源,自20世纪中叶以来已经显著发展.
- 北欧国家为跨性别健康保健提供公共资金,服务结构各不相同.
- 法律上的性别认可正越来越多地转向这些国家的自我认同.
研究的目的:
- 审查北欧国家的性别肯定医疗保健,涵盖历史,法律,流行病学和临床实践.
- 分析目前在丹麦,芬兰,冰岛,挪威和瑞典提供跨性别保健的趋势和挑战.
- 评估性别肯定治疗的影响,并确定未来改进的领域.
主要方法:
- 对历史发展,法律框架和流行病学数据进行叙述性审查.
- 分析当前的临床实践,包括多学科模型和治疗结果.
- 检查等待时间,非二进制个人的访问和跨境护理等挑战.
主要成果:
- 所有北欧国家都提供公开的性别确认护理,法律认可的性别正朝着自我认同迈进.
- 流行病学数据显示,医疗保健使用量增加,特别是在年轻人中,他们有很大的心理健康需求.
- 多学科护理模式是标准的,手术通常用于诊断后的成年人;报告的积极结果,尽管遗憾是罕见的.
结论:
- 北欧国家的性别肯定护理正在发展,随着法律改革和需求的增加,特别是来自年轻人的需求.
- 综合心理社会支持和公平的准入至关重要,特别是对于非二进制个体和解决长期等待时间.
- 未来的努力必须优先考虑扩大公共服务,加强研究,并确保为所有性别认同提供基于证据的个性化护理.
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