意大利多发性硬化症健康的社会决定因素:一个范围审查
Marta Ponzano1, Maurizio Mario Fedriga1, Alessio Signori1
1Department of Health Sciences, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy.
概括
健康的社会决定因素影响了意大利多发性硬化症 (MS) 的结果. 研究突出了各种社会因素的不平等和未满足的需求,强调了综合医疗保健方法的必要性.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 神经学 神经学
- 社会学 社会学 社会学
背景情况:
- 健康的社会决定因素 (SDH) 显著影响健康结果,包括残疾和多发性硬化症 (MS) 的进展.
- SDH和MS之间的复杂的相互作用和双向关系是显而易见的,甚至在意大利等普遍医疗保健系统内也是如此.
- 现有的研究往往忽略了特定的SDH,导致MS护理和管理中的潜在不平等.
研究的目的:
- 全面审查和综合现有文学在意大利MS人口中多样化的SDH.
- 确定有关性别,性别,种族,社会经济地位和环境暴露等因素的新兴趋势和研究差距.
- 了解SDH对意大利MS患者的多面影响.
主要方法:
- 使用11个PubMed搜索字符串进行了系统的文献搜索.
- 在过去十年内发表的研究被包括在内,以及来自ECTRIMS 2024大会的相关材料.
- 审查的重点是确定和分析与广泛的SDH相关的发现.
主要成果:
- 总共有214项研究产生了284个关于SDH和MS的独特发现.
- 研究不成比例地集中在性和性别上,对家庭暴力的关注有限.
- 证实了SDH和MS之间的双向关联,揭示了在医疗保健获取,就业和社会支持方面的重大未满足需求和差异.
结论:
- 在MS的SDH研究的主题领域存在显著的不成比例.
- 发现的研究缺陷强调了对各种SDH进行更全面的调查的需要.
- 将SDH考虑纳入医疗保健实践对于解决不平等问题和改善意大利MS人口的结果至关重要.
相关概念视频
Factors Affecting Illness
5.1K
When a person's physical, emotional, intellectual, social development or spiritual functioning is compromised, this deviation from a healthy normal state is called illness. Illness creates stress that in turn harms individuals. Irritation, anger, denial, hopelessness, and fear are behavioral and emotional changes an individual experiences in the phases of illness. A variety of factors influence a person's health and well-being.
For instance, risk factors are connected to illness,...
For instance, risk factors are connected to illness,...
5.1K
Bias in Epidemiological Studies
1.3K
Biases can arise at various stages of research, from study design and data collection to analysis and interpretation. Recognizing and addressing these biases is essential to ensure the validity and reliability of epidemiological findings.Broadly speaking, biases in epidemiology fall into three main categories: selection bias, information bias, and confounding. A more detailed description of possible biases is:
1.3K
Dimensions of Health and Illness
10.6K
The factors influencing the health-illness continuum can be internal or external and may or may not be under conscious control. They are related to the following eight human dimensions, and each dimension is interrelated to one other.
10.6K
Psychological and Sociocultural Causes of Schizophrenia
482
Schizophrenia, a complex psychiatric disorder, has been historically misunderstood. Early psychological theories attributed its origins to childhood trauma and unresponsive parenting. However, contemporary research largely rejects these notions, favoring the vulnerability-stress hypothesis. This model proposes that individuals with a genetic predisposition to schizophrenia may develop the disorder following exposure to significant environmental stressors. Notably, studies on high-risk...
482
Study Designs in Epidemiology
903
Epidemiological study designs are fundamental tools for investigating the distribution, determinants, and control of health conditions in populations. They help researchers understand the relationships between exposures and outcomes, and they broadly fall into two categories: "observational" and "experimental" studies.
Observational studies are those where the researcher does not intervene but rather observes natural variations. They include cross-sectional, cohort, and...
Observational studies are those where the researcher does not intervene but rather observes natural variations. They include cross-sectional, cohort, and...
903
Models of Health Promotion and Illness Prevention II
2.0K
The person's health status fluctuates continually, varying from being in good health to becoming ill and returning to being healthy. To understand the concept of illness prevention, there are two models. First, the health-illness continuum model is a graphic representation of an individual's wellness. It states that a person is considered healthy in the absence of physical disease and the presence of good emotional health.
The agent-host-environment model states that disease results...
The agent-host-environment model states that disease results...
2.0K


