心理学的可疑研究基础 (QRF):量化心理学和心理测量的关键问题超越可疑研究实践 (QRP)
Jana Uher1, Jan Ketil Arnulf2,3, Paul T Barrett4
1School of Human Sciences, University of Greenwich, London, United Kingdom.
Frontiers in psychology
|September 10, 2025
概括
心理学 心理学 心理学
科学领域:
- 科学哲学的哲学科学哲学
- 量化心理学 量化心理学
- 心理测量 心理测量
背景情况:
- 心理学面临复制性和通用性的危机,通常归因于可疑的研究实践 (QRP).
- 然而,根本原因在于嵌入科学理论,方法和哲学中的可疑研究基础 (QRF).
- 当前的方法未能解决这些基本的哲学问题.
研究的目的:
- 从不同的哲学角度批判性地探索心理测量的基本问题.
- 确定促进心理学科学哲学发展的关键领域.
- 为改善心理学研究的科学严谨性和基本理解提出解决方案.
主要方法:
- 关于定量心理学中既定但鲜为人知的哲学观点的综合性审查.
- 分析心理理论和方法的存在论,认识论和方法论的基础.
- 批判性地检查测量问题,考虑现象的复杂性 (例如,非ergodicity) 和语言的复杂性.
主要成果:
- 确定了四个主要的发展领域:推进科学的一般哲学,详细阐述特定理论/方法的基础,区分现象和测量工具,并建立基于案例的概括策略.
- 突出了将本体现象与认识论概念混的根本错误.
- 警告基于样本的推断和面向变量的分析,倡导以人为本的方法.
结论:
- 尽量减少科学不当行为和使用NLP/LLM而不解决语言复杂性将使危机永久化.
- 重新思考心理学需要推进科学哲学理论,以整合分散的研究.
- 通过公开的,自我批判的辩论来优先考虑科学完整性,对于心理学的未来至关重要.
更多相关视频
16:23Automated, Quantitative Cognitive/Behavioral Screening of Mice: For Genetics, Pharmacology, Animal Cognition and Undergraduate Instruction
Published on: February 26, 2014
14.9K
10:39Qualitative and Quantitative Validation of Tools with Rating Scales Aimed at Assessing the Quality of University Service-Learning
Published on: August 29, 2025
1.1K
相关概念视频
Scientific Nature of Social Psychology
537
Social psychology is a scientific discipline dedicated to understanding how individuals think, feel, and behave in social contexts. Unlike common sense, which relies on anecdotal experiences and intuition, social psychology employs systematic research and empirical methods to ensure objectivity and reliability. This distinction is fundamental in distinguishing scientifically supported findings from mere speculation.Four fundamental scientific values guide a structured approach to research in...
537
Humanistic Psychology
2.6K
Humanistic psychology emerged in the mid-20th century as a response to the deterministic and pessimistic nature of behaviorism and psychoanalysis. While behaviorism focused on observable behaviors influenced by the environment and psychoanalysis delved into unconscious motivations, both theories suggested that human actions lacked free will. In contrast, humanistic psychology offers a perspective that emphasizes the innate potential for goodness and growth within every individual.
This approach...
This approach...
2.6K
Measures of Intelligence
8.3K
Psychologists measure intelligence by using standardized tests that produce a score known as the intelligence quotient or IQ. To understand IQ tests, it's important to recognize the key principles behind their construction: validity, reliability, and standardization.
Validity refers to how well a test measures what it claims to measure. An intelligence test should accurately assess intelligence rather than another characteristic, like anxiety. Criterion validity is one way to evaluate this;...
Validity refers to how well a test measures what it claims to measure. An intelligence test should accurately assess intelligence rather than another characteristic, like anxiety. Criterion validity is one way to evaluate this;...
8.3K
The Scientific Method
64.8K
Research is what makes the difference between facts and opinions. Facts are observable realities, and opinions are personal judgments, conclusions, or attitudes that may or may not be accurate. In the scientific community, facts can be established only using evidence collected through empirical research.
64.8K
Psychology as a Science
3.8K
Psychology, as a scientific discipline, aims to understand the mind and behavior through rigorous and systematic methods. The foundation of psychological research is evidence-based, relying heavily on the scientific method to derive and validate knowledge. This structured approach ensures that findings are reliable, valid, and applicable to broader contexts.
The scientific method in psychology involves six critical steps: making observations, formulating hypotheses, conducting tests, analyzing...
The scientific method in psychology involves six critical steps: making observations, formulating hypotheses, conducting tests, analyzing...
3.8K
Ethics in Research
25.4K
Today, scientists agree that good research is ethical in nature and is guided by a basic respect for human dignity and safety. However, this has not always been the case. Modern researchers must demonstrate that the research they perform is ethically sound.
25.4K
