在药物治疗中注意力缺陷/多动性障碍学龄前儿童没有和有自闭症谱系障碍:一种发育行为研究网络研究研究
Sandra L Friedman1, Justine Shults2, William Barbaresi3
1University of Colorado School of Medicine, Children's Hospital Colorado, Aurora, CO.
Journal of developmental and behavioral pediatrics : JDBP
|September 10, 2025
概括
患有ADHD但没有自闭症谱系障碍 (ASD) 的学龄前儿童和患有ADHD和ASD的学龄前儿童显示的相似之处多于差异. 刺激药物对患有ADHD的儿童更有效,但对ASD的儿童没有效果.
科学领域:
- 儿科神经学 儿科神经学
- 发展心理学 发展心理学
- 药理学 药理学是指药理学的学科.
背景情况:
- 注意缺陷/多动症 (ADHD) 和自闭症谱系障碍 (ASD) 是儿童常见的神经发育状况.
- 患有多动症的学龄前儿童可能有或没有同时出现的ASD,这会影响治疗方法.
- 兴奋剂和α-2-agonist (A2A) 药物通常用于管理ADHD症状.
研究的目的:
- 将患有ADHD但没有ASD (ADHD-ASD) 的学前儿童与患有ADHD和ASD (ADHD+ASD) 的学前儿童进行比较.
- 评估这些群体中兴奋剂与A2A药物的有效性和不良影响.
- 识别人口统计,共存疾病和治疗结果的差异和相似之处.
主要方法:
- 对497名因ADHD治疗的学龄前儿童 (72个月以下) 的电子健康记录的回顾性审查.
- 基于人口统计,并发症,药物有效性和不良事件的ADHD-ASD和ADHD+ASD组的比较.
- 分析兴奋剂和A2A药物使用,停药因素和副作用.
主要成果:
- 在ADHD-ASD和ADHD+ASD组之间没有发现显著的人口差异.
- ADHD-ASD组显示,兴奋剂药物明显比A2As.As更有效.
- 患有ADHD-ASD的儿童经历了更多的食欲抑制和刺激剂的胃痛;没有增加的A2A不良影响与ASD状态相关.
结论:
- 患有ADHD-ASD和ADHD+ASD的学龄前儿童表现出更多的相似之处,而不是差异.
- 在ADHD-ASD组中,兴奋剂药物表现出比A2A更高的有效性.
- 两组之间临床表现,药物反应和并发症有很大的重叠.
更多相关视频
10:02Event Related Potentials ERPs and other EEG Based Methods for Extracting Biomarkers of Brain Dysfunction: Examples from Pediatric Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder ADHD
Published on: March 12, 2020
16.5K
05:32Comparing Eye-tracking Data of Children with High-functioning ASD, Comorbid ADHD, and of a Control Watching Social Videos
Published on: December 7, 2018
9.5K
相关概念视频
Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder
709
Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by persistent inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity. It affects approximately 5-8% of children globally, with around 60-70% of cases persisting into adulthood. ADHD has significant implications for educational attainment, social interactions, and occupational success.
Diagnostic Criteria and Symptoms
To diagnose ADHD, symptoms must manifest before age 12 and be evident across multiple settings....
Diagnostic Criteria and Symptoms
To diagnose ADHD, symptoms must manifest before age 12 and be evident across multiple settings....
709
Autism Spectrum Disorder
885
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental condition marked by persistent deficits in social communication and interaction alongside restrictive and repetitive behaviors or interests. ASD is sometimes accompanied by intellectual impairment.
These core symptoms manifest differently among individuals, ranging from mild to severe. The disorder's complexity extends beyond its clinical presentation, encompassing a diverse range of biological, cognitive, and sociocultural influences.
These core symptoms manifest differently among individuals, ranging from mild to severe. The disorder's complexity extends beyond its clinical presentation, encompassing a diverse range of biological, cognitive, and sociocultural influences.
885
Modeling in Therapy
356
Modeling, a key technique in therapy, uses observational learning to help clients acquire and practice new skills by watching therapists demonstrate desired behaviors. This approach, rooted in Albert Bandura's concept of vicarious learning, plays a significant role in therapeutic interventions for various psychological conditions, including social anxiety, ADHD, and depression.
Participant Modeling
Participant modeling involves therapists demonstrating calm and effective behaviors in...
Participant Modeling
Participant modeling involves therapists demonstrating calm and effective behaviors in...
356
Oppositional Defiant Disorder
559
A persistent pattern of angry or irritable mood, defiant behavior, or vindictiveness characterizes Oppositional Defiant Disorder (ODD). Symptoms must occur over at least six months, involve interactions with individuals beyond siblings, and meet specific diagnostic criteria to be clinically significant. The disorder affects emotional regulation, social interactions, and behavior, often manifesting early in life and influencing long-term development and functioning.
Diagnostic Criteria and...
Diagnostic Criteria and...
559
