在人类大脑进化和疾病过程中,KRAB指基因和可移植元素的调控网络发生了变化
Yao-Chung Chen1,2, Arnaud Maupas3, Katja Nowick1,2
1Human Biology and Primate Evolution, Institute of Biology, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
eLife
|September 10, 2025
概括
可转移元素 (TE) 与KRAB-ZNF基因相互作用,这些相互作用在人类中增加,并可能影响阿尔茨海默病的易感性. 这些基因组相互作用因TE家族和灵长类动物进化而异.
科学领域:
- 基因组学就是基因组学.
- 进化生物学 进化生物学
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
背景情况:
- 可转移元素 (TE) 可以推动进化创新,但也构成基因组风险.
- KRAB-ZNF蛋白质作为对TEs的防御,在灵长类大脑中具有快速的进化和多样化的表达.
- 像LINE-1,Alu和SVA元素这样的移动TE存在于灵长类大脑中,这引发了关于它们的相互作用和在人类大脑进化和疾病中的作用的问题.
研究的目的:
- 在灵长类动物中系统地分析KRAB-ZNF基因和TE之间的相互作用.
- 研究这些相互作用的演变,特别是在人类血统中.
- 探索KRAB-ZNF和TE相互作用在人类大脑进化和阿尔茨海默氏症等神经疾病中的潜在作用.
主要方法:
- 开发TEKRABber工具,用于对TE基因相互作用进行系统的比较分析.
- 两部分网络分析以确定和量化KRAB-ZNF基因和TE之间的相互作用.
- 专注于强烈的,经过实验验证的相互作用案例.
主要成果:
- 与其他灵长类相比,在人类中KRAB-ZNF基因和TEs之间的相互作用显著增加,特别是与Simiiformes特定的TEs.
- 在人类的积极选择下,ZNF528表现出许多人类特异性的TE相互作用.
- 抑制 (负面相互作用) 主要涉及Alu TE,而其他TE相互作用通常是积极的. 一个带有 Alu 模块的子网络在阿尔茨海默病患者中减弱.
结论:
- KRAB-ZNF和TE相互作用是动态的,根据TE家族而异,在人类进化过程中显著增加.
- 这些相互作用,特别是与Alu元素的相互作用,可能在人类大脑进化中发挥作用.
- 改变的KRAB-ZNF和TE相互作用,特别是涉及Alu元素,可能会影响对阿尔茨海默病的易感性.
关键词:
人类 人类 人类 人类 人类波诺波的波诺波是什么意思脑细胞 脑细胞 脑细胞黑猩猩是一个黑猩猩.进化生物学是进化的生物学.遗传学 遗传学 遗传学 是一个基因组学就是基因组学.人类 人类 人类 人类 人类 人类 人类马可克 (Macaque) 是一个巨.rhesus 子 子 子 子更多相关视频
10:44In Vitro Selection of Engineered Transcriptional Repressors for Targeted Epigenetic Silencing
Published on: May 5, 2023
1.8K
08:22A Novel Strategy Combining Array-CGH, Whole-exome Sequencing and In Utero Electroporation in Rodents to Identify Causative Genes for Brain Malformations
Published on: December 1, 2017
8.9K
相关概念视频
Cis-regulatory Sequences
11.5K
Cis-regulatory sequences are short fragments of non-coding DNA that are present on the same chromosomes as the genes that they regulate. These fragments serve as binding sites for transcriptional regulators, proteins that are responsible for controlling gene transcription and differential gene expression across cell types in eukaryotes. Cis-regulatory sequences can be close to the gene of interest or thousands of bases away in the DNA sequence; however, those sequences that are further away are...
11.5K
Overview of Transposition and Recombination
18.7K
Transposons make up a significant part of genomes of various organisms. Therefore, it is believed that transposition played a major evolutionary role in speciation by changing genome sizes and modifying gene expression patterns. For example, in bacteria, transposition can lead to conferring antibiotic resistance. Movement of transposable elements within the genetic pool of pathogenic bacteria can aid in transfer of antibiotic-resistant genetic elements. In eukaryotes, transposons can carry out...
18.7K
DNA-only Transposons
17.1K
DNA-only transposons are called autonomous transposons since they code for the enzyme transposase that is required for the transposition mechanism. Insertion of transposons can alter gene functions in multiple ways. They can mutate the gene, alter gene expression by introducing a novel promoter or insulator sequence, introduce new splice sites, and change the mRNA transcripts produced, or remodel chromatin structure.
The donor site from where the transposon is excised is either degraded or...
The donor site from where the transposon is excised is either degraded or...
17.1K
Non-LTR Retrotransposons
13.1K
As the name suggests, non-LTR retrotransposons lack the long terminal repeats characteristic of the LTR retrotransposons. Additionally, both LTR and non-LTR retrotransposons use distinct mechanisms of mobilization. Non-LTR retrotransposons are further divided into two classes - Long interspersed nuclear elements (LINEs) and short interspersed nuclear elements (SINEs), both of which occur abundantly in most mammals, including humans. Some of the active non-LTR retrotransposons in humans are L1...
13.1K
Master Transcription Regulators
7.6K
Master transcription regulators are regulatory proteins that are predominantly responsible for regulating the expression of multiple genes. Often these genes work in concert to drive a complex process. Activation of a master transcription regulator can lead to a cascade of transcriptional activation necessary for that outcome. These regulators can directly bind to the regulatory sequences of the various genes involved, or they can indirectly regulate transcription by binding to regulatory...
7.6K
General Transcription Factors
6.6K
Tissue-specific transcription factors contribute to diverse cellular functions in mammals. For example, the gene for beta globin, a major component of hemoglobin, is present in all cells of the body. However, it is only expressed in red blood cells because the transcription factors that can bind to the promoter sequences of the beta globin gene are only expressed in these cells. Tissue-specific transcription factors also ensure that mutations in these factors may impair only the function of...
6.6K
