一个关于中年社会经济地位预测因素的生命过程视角
Erik Lykke Mortensen1,2, Gunhild Tidemann Okholm1,2,3, Trine Flensborg-Madsen1,2
1Unit of Medical Psychology, Section of Environmental Health, Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
PloS one
|September 10, 2025
概括
年轻人的教育和智力是中年社会经济地位 (SES) 的关键预测因素. 早期生活因素间接影响后来的结果,直接影响随着时间的推移而减少.
科学领域:
- 社会学 社会学 社会学
- 发展心理学 发展心理学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 社会经济地位 (SES) 受多种因素的影响,包括父亲的职业,童年智力和教育.
- 现有的预测因素只能解释SES变异的一部分,因此需要确定额外的影响和发育轨迹.
- 了解影响SES的生命过程途径对于全面分析至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 调查社会经济地位 (SES) 取得的预测因素,从幼儿时期到中年.
- 具体分析幼儿,晚年儿童和年轻成年人特征对中年SES的直接和间接影响.
- 阐明从童年到成年期对社会经济地位 (SES) 的影响轨迹.
主要方法:
- 利用了来自大都会1953年丹麦男性出生队列 (n=6,294) 的问卷和国家注册数据.
- 包括关于父母社会背景,智力 (12岁),教育和中年SES的数据.
- 采用结构方程建模来估计对中年人群SES的直接和间接影响.
主要成果:
- 学历,智力,父母的教育和父亲的职业阶级显示了与中年SES最强的关联.
- 一个以教育和智力为基础的模型解释了53.5%的中年SES差异,在包括其他预测因素时,改善率很小 (54.1%).
- 教育成就成为社会经济地位 (SES) 取得的特别有力的预测因素.
- 童年早期和晚期的因素对中年SES产生了微弱的直接影响,但显著的间接影响,揭示了发育途径.
结论:
- 年轻人的教育和智力是中年社会经济地位 (SES) 的最重要的预测因素.
- 童年因素 (早期和晚期) 塑造了年轻人的特征,但它们对中年人的直接影响随着时间的推移而减少.
- 早期生活变量对社会经济地位 (SES) 的影响在整个生命过程中变得越来越中介和间接.
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