问题主题对隐藏信息测试中差异性响应的影响:比较知情与未知情的背景
Tokihiro Ogawa1, Izumi Matsuda2, Michiko Tsuneoka1
1National Research Institute of Police Science, 6-3-1 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, Chiba, 277-0882, Japan.
概括
这项关于隐藏信息测试 (CIT) 的研究发现,上下文指令会影响对犯罪相关项目的生理反应. 虽然响应发生在知情和不知情的环境中,但在后者中响应较小.
科学领域:
- 心理学 心理学 心理学
- 法医科学 法医科学 法医科学
- 生理学 生理学 生理学
背景情况:
- 隐藏信息测试 (CIT) 依赖于检测不同对犯罪相关刺激的生理反应.
- 理论上,对犯罪相关细节的了解会引起独特的心理生理反应.
研究的目的:
- 调查测试前的说明是否定义了可知与不可知的背景,影响了CIT期间不同生理反应的程度.
- 确定语境规范指令在调整犯罪相关项目的意义上的作用.
主要方法:
- 对82名参与者 (36名男性,46名女性) 进行了模拟盗窃任务.
- 参与者被指示从两个地点之一偷一个物品.
- 随后的CIT在两种上下文条件下呈现项目 (相关/可知与无关/不可知) 定义在预测说明中.
- 在CIT期间记录了自主反应 (皮肤导电,心率,呼吸运动).
主要成果:
- 在相关和不相关的情境中观察到对被盗物品的不同生理反应.
- 这些差异性反应的幅度往往在不相关的 (不可知的) 环境中较小,而不是相关的 (可知的) 环境.
- 语境指令调整了,但不仅仅是确定了相关项目的意义.
结论:
- 关于背景的测试前指令对在CIT中检测差异性生理反应有显著的影响.
- 虽然上下文是一个调节器,但其他因素,如先前的犯罪经验可能会导致假阳性.
- 这些发现突出了在欺骗检测中背景,知识和自主反应之间的复杂相互作用.
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