发展拉丁美洲关于老年人呼吸系统疾病疫苗接种的德尔菲共识
José F Parodi1,2, Fernando M Runzer-Colmenares1,3, Carlos Cano-Gutiérrez1,4,5
1Academia Latinoamericana de Medicina del Adulto Mayor (ALMA), Madrid, Spain.
Annals of geriatric medicine and research
|September 11, 2025
概括
拉丁美洲专家们就老年人的关键疫苗接种达成共识,建议每年接种流感疫苗,百日咳提升剂,以及更新的COVID-19,RSV和肺炎球菌疫苗,以改善呼吸系统健康.
科学领域:
- 老年学是一门学科.
- 传染性疾病 传染性疾病
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 呼吸道感染对拉丁美洲的老年人构成重大健康威胁.
- 对于这一群体,有必要制定特定区域的疫苗接种指南.
- 以前的疫苗接种策略可能无法充分应对拉丁美洲的独特挑战.
研究的目的:
- 为了在拉丁美洲专家之间就老年人呼吸系统疾病的最佳疫苗接种计划达成共识.
- 为拉丁美洲环境提供基于证据的建议.
- 解决疫苗接种覆盖率的差距,减少呼吸道疾病的负担.
主要方法:
- 使用了两轮的Delphi方法,涉及35名多学科专家.
- 快速的证据审查为推制定过程提供了信息.
- 共识被定义为参与者接受80% (得分≥4) 的建议.
主要成果:
- 对于65岁以上的成年人,建议每年接种一次流感疫苗 (高剂量或辅助) 和每10年接种一次Tdap增强剂,以预防百日咳.
- 建议进行一次性和年度的COVID-19疫苗接种.
- 对于75岁以上的人来说,建议使用一次剂量RSV疫苗,对于65岁以上未接种疫苗的成年人来说,建议使用常规PCV15/PCV20疫苗.
结论:
- 该共识为拉丁美洲的老年人提供了量身定制的疫苗接种指南.
- 这些建议旨在提高疫苗接种覆盖率,减少呼吸道疾病负担.
- 该倡议支持健康老龄化,并加强该地区的医疗保健系统.
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