对养老院工作场所暴力预防计划的调查
James D Blando1, Marilyn Lou Ridenour2, Daniel Hartley2
1Old Dominion University, College of Health Sciences, School of Community and Environmental Health, Norfolk, VA; United States of America.
概括
养老院的职场暴力预防计划各不相同,规定对计划的全面性影响很小. 设施的特点,而不是国家法规,似乎影响了计划的实施和有效性.
科学领域:
- 医疗保健管理的管理
- 职业安全 在职业安全.
- 公共卫生政策 公共卫生政策
背景情况:
- 护理机构的职场暴力率是私营部门的七倍以上.
- 几个州要求在医疗机构,包括养老院,制定工作场所暴力预防计划.
研究的目的:
- 为了比较新泽西州 (受监管州) 和弗吉尼亚州 (不受监管州) 的工作场所暴力预防计划的全面性.
- 确定影响长期护理机构实施这些计划的因素.
主要方法:
- 与20个长期护理机构 (新泽西州9个,弗吉尼亚州11个) 负责工作场所暴力预防计划的管理人员进行面对面的采访.
- 使用经过验证的调查来评估培训,报告和风险评估等程序组件.
- 在一个有法规的州和一个没有法规的州之间比较了程序的全面性.
主要成果:
- 在各设施的程序组件 (培训,报告,风险评估) 中存在显著的差异,其中一些是全面的,另一些是弱的.
- 弗吉尼亚州 (非受监管) 与新泽西州 (受监管) 相比,对某些程序元素的实施情况类似或更好.
- 设施特征,如医疗保险和医疗补助服务中心 (CMS) 的高评级,非营利性地位和企业所有权,与更全面的计划有关,特别是在培训和环境控制方面.
结论:
- 养老院管理人员意识到工作场所的暴力,并实施了相关计划,但这些计划往往是"临时"的,效果不佳.
- 缺乏监管执法和意识有助于无效的计划实施.
- 设施质量 (CMS评级) 和所有权类型影响计划的全面性,尽管关系很复杂.
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