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在埃塞俄比亚的初级咖啡加工工厂的工人中,职业噪音暴露和自我报告的听力损失

Samson Abaya¹, Magne Bråtveit², Wakgari Deressa¹

¹Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.

|September 11, 2025

概括

埃塞俄比亚咖啡工人面临着严重的噪音暴露,其中92%的噪音超过了安全限值. 超过一半的人报告听力损失症状,强调迫切需要在工作场所进行干预,以保护工人的听力.

科学领域:

职业健康职业健康职业健康
听力学听力学是指听力学.
工业卫生工业卫生

背景情况:

埃塞俄比亚的咖啡生产涉及数百万人,但工作场所噪音暴露和工人听力损失仍然没有量化.
咖啡加工中的工业机械构成噪音引起的听力损失的潜在风险.

研究的目的:

评估埃塞俄比亚咖啡加工工厂的噪音暴露水平.
确定导致噪声水平升高的因素.
为了确定咖啡工人自我报告听力损失的患病率.

主要方法:

在埃塞俄比亚三个地区的12家工厂进行了横截面研究.
对60名机房工人进行了全班制的个人噪音暴露测量.
对130名随机选择的工人进行了关于自我报告的听力损失的采访.

主要成果:

平均每日噪音暴露量为96.3dBA,其中92%超过了85dBA的职业限制.
运行多个装卸机的操作使噪声暴露增加了4.5dBA.
53%的机房工人报告听力损失症状;那些有超过10年的经验的人有2.9倍的风险.

结论:

埃塞俄比亚的咖啡工厂工人面临着大量的噪音暴露风险,其中大多数超出了推限值.
超过一半的工人报告听力损失症状,这表明存在重大职业健康问题.
实施降噪策略对于保护咖啡行业工人的听力健康至关重要.

关键词:

咖啡加工厂咖啡加工厂咖啡加工厂埃塞俄比亚埃塞俄比亚前线工作人员前线工作人员.听力损失听力损失是什么噪音噪音噪音噪音

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Sound Intensity Level

Sound Intensity Level

Humans perceive sound by hearing. The human ear helps sound waves reach the brain, which then interprets the waves and creates the perception of hearing. The loudness of the environment in which a person is located determines whether they can distinguish between different sound sources.
The human ear can perceive an extensive range of sound intensity, necessitating the use of the logarithmic scale to define a physical quantity—the intensity level. It is a ratio of two intensities and...