在美国的COVID-19大流行期间,人类行为在人口层面的变化的特征
Tamanna Urmi1,2, Binod Pant1,2, George Dewey1,2
1Machine Intelligence Group, Betterment of Health and the Environment, Northeastern University, Boston, MA 02115.
概括
人类行为显著影响传染病的传播. 在COVID-19大流行期间,预防行为随着时间的推移而下降,但在高死亡率期间增加,显示出疾病严重程度和公共行动之间的复杂关系.
科学领域:
- 流行病学 流行病学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 行为科学 行为科学
背景情况:
- 人类的行为模式影响传染性疾病的传播.
- 有限的数据存在于不同空间和时间尺度的疾病爆发期间人口层面的行为变化.
研究的目的:
- 在美国COVID-19流行病的前两年,人类行为的波动的特征.
- 分析预防行为在应对疾病严重程度的时空动态.
主要方法:
- 分析了从2020年4月到2022年6月的431,211份调查答复.
- 检查国家和州级的行为数据.
- 行为变化与COVID-19死亡率的相关性.
主要成果:
- 坚持预防行为,如社交距离,在全国和州层面上,随着时间的推移,通常会线性减少.
- 尽管总体下降,但在COVID-19死亡率高的时期,预防性行为暂时增加.
- 证明了疾病严重程度和人类行为适应之间的双向反循环.
结论:
- 人类行为在流行病期间表现出复杂的时空模式,受疾病严重程度的影响.
- 这些发现增强了对流行病建模和公共卫生政策制定的理解.
- 结果提供了通过行为干预来缓解未来疾病爆发的见解.
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