化诱导的反奥斯瓦尔德成熟:超细 bismuth 纳米晶用于超稳定的水性储存

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Haojie Zhu¹, Xinlei Cai¹, Dianhui Zhu¹

¹Institute of Materials Research, Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, China.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

|September 11, 2025

概括

研究人员为水性离子电池开发了一种稳定的-碳阳极. 化碳纳米纤维中的超细 bismuth 纳米晶体防止降解,使长期的,高性能储能.

科学领域:

材料科学材料科学材料科学
电化学电化学电化学
储能储能储能储能储能储能

背景情况:

水性离子电池 (ASIB) 由于其固有的安全性和丰富的资源,可以提供安全和可持续的储能.
对ASIB来说, (Bi) 阳极具有较高的理论容量和较低的成本,但由于循环过程中体积的显著变化,其结构稳定性不佳.
开发稳定的转换型阳极对于推进ASIB至关重要.

研究的目的:

为ASIBs设计和合成一个稳定的棉碳复合阳极.
通过防止奥斯瓦尔德成熟,提高双阳极的结构完整性和电化学性能.
调查反奥斯瓦尔德成熟效应,以提高金属碳复合电极的稳定性.

主要方法:

制造超细的Bi纳米晶体 (<10纳米) 集成到添加碳纳米纤维 (UF Bi@NCF) 使用电和受控碳化.
加入聚烯酸作为合聚合物,以抑制在高温碳化 (750°C) 过程中Bi Ostwald成熟.
在ASIB中UF Bi@NCF阳极的电化学表征,包括循环稳定性和速率性能测试.

主要成果:

UF Bi@NCF 阳极在0.5°C时表现出高可逆容量237.5 mAh g-1的高可逆容量.
在高电流20°C时,经过5700个循环后,观察到可以忽略的容量衰减,显示出异常的循环稳定性.
通过聚烯酸的合效应实现了有效抑制奥斯瓦尔德成熟,确保了Bi纳米晶的均分散.

结论:

开发的UF Bi@NCF阳极显著提高了ASIB的结构稳定性和电化学性能.
反奥斯瓦尔德成熟策略为下一代电池设计高性能,寿命长的金属碳复合电极提供了可行的途径.
这项工作为先进的储能应用提供了对稳定转换型材料的宝贵见解.

关键词:

反奥斯瓦尔德的成熟过程水性离子电池水性离子电池化效应是一种化效应.金属碳复合材料的复合材料超细的Bi纳米晶体超细的Bi纳米晶体

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