处理自闭症谱系障碍:从传统方法到人工智能的旅程
1Department of Psychology, Amity University, Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India.
Annals of neurosciences
|September 11, 2025
概括
人工智能 (AI) 有助于早期自闭症谱系障碍 (ASD) 检测和个性化治疗. 人工智能驱动的疗法提高了社会和沟通技巧,为ASD护理提供了一个有希望的未来.
科学领域:
- 神经科学和发育心理学
- 医学信息学和人工智能
背景情况:
- 自闭症谱系障碍 (ASD) 影响社会互动和沟通,全球儿童患病率约为1%.
- 历史上被称为"自闭症",现在它是神经发育障碍 (NDD) 的总称,呈现方式多样化.
- 早期识别和干预对于患有自闭症的人来说至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 评估传统方法并探索人工智能 (AI) 在诊断和治疗ASD方面的有效性.
- 通过人工智能应用来提高ASD诊断和治疗的准确性.
主要方法:
- 在2010年至2024年间发表的大约100篇研究文章的叙事综述.
- 文章是根据定义的包含和排除标准进行选择的.
- 该审查综合了医疗,职业,职业,心理,家庭和康复工程领域的研究结果.
主要成果:
- 人工智能在识别自闭症早期指标方面发挥了重要作用,与联合国可持续发展目标保持一致.
- 人工智能对遗传,神经成像,行为和电子健康记录数据的分析使得早期和个性化的ASD检测成为可能.
- 机器学习 (ML) 算法在区分ASD与神经类型发育和其他疾病方面取得了高准确性,支持及时干预.
结论:
- 由人工智能驱动的干预措施,包括虚拟现实和机器人辅助疗法,可以提高ASD患者的社交和沟通技能.
- 人工智能有可能提高诊断准确度,实现远程医疗,并为ASD定制治疗计划.
- 需要解决数据隐私和可解释性等挑战,以便在ASD护理中广泛采用AI.
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