在COVID-19之后,纽约州的儿童免疫缺口:关注区域差异
1Pediatrics, Lake Erie College of Osteopathic Medicine, Elmira, USA.
Cureus
|September 11, 2025
概括
随着COVID-19大流行,纽约州的儿童疫苗接种率略有下降,纽约市的儿童免疫覆盖率大幅下降,特别是麻疹,疹和红疹 (MMR) 疫苗.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 流行病学 流行病学
- 儿科 儿科 儿科
背景情况:
- 由于COVID-19大流行,全球范围内的常规免疫服务受到干扰.
- 这种干扰引起了人们对儿童疫苗接种覆盖率下降的担忧.
- 纽约州 (NYS),特别是纽约市 (NYC),面临着影响儿童免疫的挑战.
研究的目的:
- 分析COVID-19大流行之前和之后纽约州儿童疫苗接种覆盖率的变化.
- 为了比较纽约市与纽约其他地区的疫苗接种率.
- 为了确定受流行病影响的特定疫苗.
主要方法:
- 利用疾病控制和预防中心 (CDC) 的数据进行疫苗接种覆盖率分析.
- 在24个月龄的儿童中,对9种关键疫苗的疫苗接种率进行比较.
- 分析了2018-2019 (大流行前) 和2020-2021 (大流行后) 期间的数据.
- 使用单向ANOVA与统计学意义的Tukey后期测试 (p <0.05).
主要成果:
- 总体而言,纽约州的疫苗接种率略有下降 (80.29%至78.97%,p=0.6008).
- 纽约市的疫苗接种率显著下降 (80.41%至77.82%,p=0.0288).
- 麻疹,疹和红疹 (MMR) 疫苗覆盖率在全州范围内下降 (93.30%至89.60%,p=0.0459),纽约市明显下降 (93.30%至86.70%,p=0.0039).
结论:
- 与纽约其他地区相比,COVID-19大流行使纽约市的儿童疫苗接种率不成比例地降低.
- 由于麻疹复发的风险,MMR覆盖率的下降令人担忧.
- 需要有针对性的战略来解决区域差异,重建疫苗的信心,并防止疫情爆发.
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