概括
研究了尽管存在人权问题,但在非洲越来越多地使用军事力量来控制流行病. 在埃博拉和COVID-19期间在塞拉利昂和乌干达看到的这种方法,可以巩固专制统治,而不是改善公共卫生结果.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 国际关系 国际关系
- 安全研究 安全研究
背景情况:
- 在非洲部署军事人员以控制疫情,即使在人权问题中,也得到了接受.
- 这一趋势受到自20世纪90年代以来的重叠过程和联合国安理会第2177.7号决议的影响.
研究的目的:
- 分析非洲军事化流行病控制的兴起.
- 探索这种方法对治理和人权的影响,以塞拉利昂和乌干达为案例研究.
主要方法:
- 在塞拉利昂和乌干达进行长期实地考察.
- 在埃博拉和COVID-19爆发期间对军事化的流行病控制计划进行比较分析.
- 审查政府的反应,执法法规和政治过渡.
主要成果:
- 塞拉利昂和乌干达在军事化的流行病控制方面表现出相似之处,包括强制执行法规.
- 显著的差异出现了:塞拉利昂经历了民主过渡,而乌干达的军事化反应巩固了专制的权威.
- 尽管赞扬乌干达的反应,但两国疾病控制结果并没有显著差异.
结论:
- 军事化的流行病控制可以促进向不那么负责任的治理转变,以公共卫生的理由掩盖.
- 某些应对措施的价值化,比如乌干达的应对措施,凸显了全球卫生安全和治理的令人担忧的趋势.
- 需要进一步的研究,以了解军事化的公共卫生干预对民主机构的长期影响.
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