揭示面罩中的和多基物质 (PFAS):发生情况和浸出影响
Xinyue Wang1, Xuemei Liu2, Xingyao Huang2
1College of Environment and Ecology, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China; Key Laboratory of Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-Environment Under Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China.
Journal of hazardous materials
|September 11, 2025
概括
面罩的处置会将多和多基物质 (PFAS) 释放到环境中. 虽然度很低,但温度和有机物质显著增加了PFAS从口罩中浸出.
科学领域:
- 环境化学环境化学
- 污染物分析 污染物分析
- 材料科学 材料科学 材料科学
背景情况:
- 随着COVID-19的流行,面罩的使用和处置变得广泛.
- 这对人类暴露和环境释放新出现的污染物,如和多基物质 (PFAS) 产生了潜在的风险.
- 之前的研究还没有完全解决来自不同类型的面罩,特别是来自中国市场的PFAS漏行为.
研究的目的:
- 在突出的面具类型中量化per-和多基物质 (PFAS).
- 为了估计未识别的PFAS前体,使用总可氧化前体 (TOP) 试验.
- 在处理相关的条件下评估PFAS漏,考虑温度和溶解的有机物.
主要方法:
- 在面膜固体中21 PFAS (21PFAS) 的量化.
- 在模拟的处置条件下将PFAS释放到水中的分析.
- 应用总可氧化前体 (TOP) 试验来识别和量化前体.
- 对影响PFAS漏能力的漏条件 (温度,溶解有机物) 的研究.
主要成果:
- 面罩含有相对较低的PFAS度 (0.68-5.3 ng/g),其中0.49-2.3 ng/g被释放到水中.
- 一个可重复使用的布面罩通过TOP测试显示了大量未识别的前体.
- 在热力学上,PFAS的漏是非自发的,漏能力在14.8%至84.7%之间.
- 液温度增加 (10°C) 使液升高了~14%,而溶解的有机物则增加了102-300%.
- 据估计,每年处理的250-480亿个面罩将释放到0.72-1.4公斤的PFAS和0.50-0.98公斤的PFCAs.
结论:
- 面罩有助于环境PFAS负荷,特别是在特定的液条件下.
- 在一些口罩中存在不明的前体,需要进一步调查.
- 了解漏因素对于评估面罩废弃物的环境影响至关重要.
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