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在Bifidobacterium中,宿主特定的微生物组和基因组特征揭示了不同动物宿主之间的共同进化和功能适应

Magdalena Kujawska¹, David Seki², Lisa Chalklen³

¹Intestinal Microbiome, ZIEL - Institute for Food & Health, Technical University of Munich, 85354 Freising, Germany; Department of Microbes, Infection, & Microbiomes, School of Infection, Inflammation and Immunology, College of Medicine & Health, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 42TT, UK; Institute of Microbiology and Infection, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 42TT, UK.

Cell host & microbe

|September 11, 2025

概括

动物中的Bifidobacterium细菌与宿主共同进化,使其功能,特别是碳水化合物代谢,适应特定的饮食和环境. 这揭示了对宿主微生物关系和适应的关键见解.

科学领域:

微生物学微生物学
进化生物学进化生物学
基因组学就是基因组学.

背景情况:

动物微生物组是多样化的,其中Bifidobacterium物种起着关键的作用.
在宿主之间不清楚Bifidobacterium的进化关系和功能适应.

研究的目的:

调查Bifidobacterium和各种动物宿主之间的共同进化模式.
为了确定Bifidobacterium的宿主特定的功能适应,特别是在新陈代谢和应激反应方面.

主要方法:

从昆虫,爬行动物,鸟类和哺乳动物宿主中对Bifidobacterium的分类学,基因组学和预测功能数据的综合分析.
菌株水平的遗传学分析,以评估宿主-微生物的共同进化.
功能性注释以确定适应性特征.

主要成果:

在Bifidobacterium菌株和它们的主体之间观察到强烈的共同遗传学关联,受垂直传播和饮食的影响.
在Bifidobacterium中发现了显著的宿主特异性适应,特别是在碳水化合物代谢和氧化应激反应方面.
哺乳动物Bifidobacterium菌株显示丰富的酶,如α-氨基酶消化复杂的碳水化合物在饮食中.

结论:

宿主基因是肠道微生物组成和Bifidobacterium适应的主要驱动因素.
双杆菌表现出显著的功能可塑性,适应各种宿主饮食和生态.
这些发现提高了对宿主微生物共同进化的理解,以及微生物对动物适应和健康的贡献.

关键词:

这种细菌是Bifidobacterium.主体动物动物主体动物碳水化合物代谢的代谢共同进化的共同进化基因组学就是基因组学.

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