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在泰国高风险人群中,高灵敏度检测无症状疟疾,使用滴滴数字PCR

Min Kramyoo¹, Kanyarat Boonpeng², Chaiya Janchoo¹

¹Epidemiology Section, Research Division, Armed Forces Research Institute of Medical Sciences, Bangkok, Thailand.

|September 11, 2025

概括

滴滴数字PCR (ddPCR) 能够有效检测无症状疟疾感染,这对于消除疟疾的努力至关重要. 这种敏感的分子方法可以识别显微镜错过的低寄生虫病例,帮助疟疾控制策略.

科学领域:

分子诊断学分子诊断
传染病流行病学传染病流行病学
寄生虫学的寄生虫学

背景情况:

无症状的疟疾感染是消除疾病的重要障碍,通常通过标准方法逃避检测.
高风险群体的低密度寄生虫病可以维持疟疾传播和寄生虫储存.
高度敏感的诊断技术对于有效的疟疾预防和控制至关重要.

研究的目的:

评估滴滴数字PCR (ddPCR) 在检测无症状菌感染方面的有效性.
通过提高诊断灵敏度,支持减少和消除疟疾传播的战略.

主要方法:

从泰国疟疾流行地区 (n=403) 和从苏丹返回的泰国工人 (n=270) 收集的标本.
使用ddPCR和显微镜检查分析的样本,针对18SrRNA基因进行基因查和物种特异性标记.
通过ddPCR测定对干血斑 (DBS) 和静脉血液样本进行了评估.

主要成果:

ddPCR在来自泰国的0.25%样本和来自苏丹的7.41%样本中发现了疟疾感染.
与显微镜相比,ddPCR显示出更高的灵敏度,检测出更多的低寄生虫感染.
18S rRNA副本数量的量化与特定物种的量化呈正相关性.

结论:

ddPCR试验在两种样本类型中有效检测出无症状疟疾,突显了其对监测的有用性.
这种方法可以识别隐藏的寄生虫库,对于有针对性的疟疾控制和消除至关重要.
ddPCR提供了一个敏感的工具,以加强全球消除疟疾的倡议.

关键词:

无症状疟疾是一种无症状的疟疾.在 DDPCR 中使用 DDPCR.检测检测检测检测检测流感病毒 (Plasmodium) 是一种病毒.

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