应对压力的个体差异与雄性和雌性F344大鼠的工作记忆性能有关
Melanie A Tieman1, Hannah M Gandy1, Haley A Dufala1
1Department of Pharmacology, Physiology, and Neuroscience, University of South Carolina School of Medicine, Columbia, SC, USA.
Physiology & behavior
|September 11, 2025
概括
行为应激反应的个体差异,而不是性别,预测了大鼠的工作记忆性能. 这一发现突显了压力和认知的特征级别关系,这对于理解神经精神疾病至关重要.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 行为内分泌学 行为内分泌学
- 认知科学 认知科学
背景情况:
- 执行功能障碍和应激反应性是神经精神疾病的关键,通常具有性别特异性的模式.
- 了解压力反应和执行功能之间的相互作用,包括性别差异,对于识别脆弱性和弹性机制至关重要.
- 关于压力和认知的性别差异的临床前数据不一致,只有有限的研究将行为应对,内分泌反应和工作记忆整合起来.
研究的目的:
- 调查行为和荷尔蒙应激反应的个体变化如何与大鼠的工作记忆性能有关.
- 为了确定这些关系是否在雄性和雌性大鼠之间有所不同.
- 确定工作记忆准确性的预测因素,考虑性别,压力反应能力和皮质激素动态.
主要方法:
- 使用F344大鼠来评估工作记忆,使用操作器延迟匹配到样本任务.
- 通过强迫游泳测试 (FST) 测量了行为应激反应,通过抑制后的皮质类固醇水平 (CORT) 测量了内分泌反应.
- 分析了与工作记忆的准确性和速度相关的FST静止和CORT下降的个体差异.
主要成果:
- 雌性在FST中表现出更大的不动性,在克制后的CORT下降速度更快,这表明性别特异性的压力调节.
- 在工作记忆准确度方面没有观察到性别差异,尽管女性的速度较慢,完成的试验较少.
- 个人在FST不动性的变化成为工作记忆准确性的最强的预测指标,超过了性别或CORT水平的影响.
结论:
- 个人行为压力特征,而不是性别,是工作记忆表现的关键决定因素.
- 这些发现揭示了压力反应和认知之间的特征级别关系,这超越了性别差异.
- 这项研究支持基于表型的方法来理解神经精神疾病临床前模型中的认知功能.
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