牲畜对载体传播的血原虫的遗传耐药性:分子标记物,宿主-寄生虫相互作用,以及对繁殖和控制的影响
Bashir Salim1, Saeed Alasmari2, Mohammed A Bakheit3,4
1Camel Research Center, King Faisal University, Al-Hofuf 31982, Saudi Arabia. bsalim@kfu.edu.sa.
Journal of veterinary science
|September 12, 2025
概括
遗传耐药性是控制牲畜血寄生病的关键,减少经济损失. 先进的基因组工具识别了用于繁殖抗病动物的标记物,改善了群体的健康和生产力.
科学领域:
- 兽医遗传学 兽医遗传学
- 寄生虫学的寄生虫学
- 畜牧业生产 畜牧业生产
背景情况:
- 载体传播的血寄生虫病 (例如,Theileria,Babesia) 在全球范围内造成牲畜的重大经济损失.
- 这些疾病通过死亡率,产量减少和高治疗成本影响生产力,特别是在热带地区.
研究的目的:
- 探索宿主和寄生虫遗传因素在牲畜抵抗血寄生虫感染中的作用.
- 突出先进的基因组和转录组工具在识别耐药性标记物的潜力.
主要方法:
- 确定影响免疫反应,氧化应激,药物代谢和外寄生虫耐药性的关键宿主基因 (例如BoLA-DRB3,TLR4,SOD2,GPX1,ABCB1,CYP3A4,MC1R,MHC).
- 对寄生虫基因 (例如,VSG,AP2,MDR1,CYTB,AMA1,HSP90) 的分析,这些基因与免疫逃避,耐药性和宿主细胞入侵有关.
- 应用基因组和转录基因组工具,如全基因组关联研究 (GWAS),CRISPR和多基因组分析.
主要成果:
- 主体遗传因素显著影响对血寄生虫感染的耐药性.
- 宿主和寄生虫中的特定基因对感染持久性和治疗结果至关重要.
- 基因组工具已经推进了对宿主-寄生虫相互作用的理解,并确定了耐药性的分子标记物.
结论:
- 先进的遗传耐药性提供了一个可持续的策略,用于管理牲畜中载体传播的寄生虫疾病.
- 将耐药性标记物整合到选择性育种,基因组编辑和监测中,可以提高牲畜的弹性.
- 合作基因组计划和"一健康"战略对于有效的,区域特定的疾病控制至关重要.
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