学习与延迟站立会改变感觉运动控制,但在恢复自然平衡时不会造成不稳定
Liam H Foulger1, Xiyao Liu1, Amin M Nasrabadi1
1School of Kinesiology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.
The Journal of physiology
|September 12, 2025
概括
人类通过增加感觉运动增益来适应平衡控制的感觉运动延迟. 这些收益在延迟移除后暂时保持升高,展示了神经系统在维持双脚稳定性方面的灵活性.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 生物力学 生物力学
- 人类运动控制人体运动控制
背景情况:
- 保持直立姿势需要持续补偿感官运动延迟.
- 衰老和神经疾病加剧了这些延迟,挑战了平衡控制.
- 对感觉运动延迟的适应机制尚未完全理解.
研究的目的:
- 为了研究神经机制背后的适应强加的感觉运动延迟在直立平衡期间.
- 为了建模机动指挥所需的调整,以适应和恢复强加的延迟.
- 描述延迟移除后神经肌肉活动的短暂变化.
主要方法:
- 利用机器人平衡模拟器在机动指令和全身运动之间实施250毫秒的延迟.
- 参与者与强加的延迟保持直立平衡20分钟.
- 在曝光延迟之前,期间和之后分析了全身振荡,净脚扭矩和下肢肌肉活动.
- 开发了一个计算模型来表示传感运动增益调整.
主要成果:
- 参与者在20分钟内成功适应250毫秒的延迟.
- 在突然延迟移除后,参与者保持直立姿势,振荡最小.
- 在1-2Hz的光谱功率中,在延迟后的脚扭矩和肌肉活动中观察到短暂的增加 (5-20秒).
- 计算建模表明,增加的感觉运动增长是适应和暂时的延迟后变化的原因.
结论:
- 增加的感觉运动效益对于调整平衡控制以应对长时间的感觉运动延迟至关重要.
- 延迟移除后,增加的感觉运动增益在暂时持续,而不会造成不稳定.
- 人类的神经系统在调整感觉运动策略以获得强大的双脚稳定性方面表现出了显著的灵活性.
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