在中国消除乙型肝炎的流行病学,成就和挑战
You Deng1, Tongtong Meng1, Hong You1
1Liver Research Center; The National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases; State Key Laboratory of Digestive Health, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
Journal of clinical and translational hepatology
|September 12, 2025
概括
中国通过疫苗接种显著降低了乙型肝炎病毒 (HBV) 感染率,但仍有数百万人患有慢性HBV. 更新的指南旨在改善HBV消除的诊断和治疗覆盖率.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 病毒学 病毒学
- 肝病学 肝病学是一种肝病学.
背景情况:
- 在过去的30年里,中国在乙型肝炎病毒 (HBV) 感染率上取得了实质性的降低.
- 全球HBV疫苗接种一直是基石,防止了数百万的感染和死亡.
- 尽管取得了进展,但中国仍有7500万人患有慢性HBV,诊断和治疗方面存在重大差距.
研究的目的:
- 审查中国在控制慢性乙型肝炎病毒 (HBV) 感染方面的进展.
- 确定HBV诊断和治疗覆盖面的当前挑战.
- 突出实现HBV消除目标的战略方法.
主要方法:
- 对1992年至2020年国家HBV流行数据的分析.
- 对HBV诊断和治疗的最新临床指南的审查.
- 对制药创新和公共卫生干预措施的评估.
主要成果:
- 乙型肝炎表面抗原的患病率从9.72% (1992) 降至5.86% (2020),五岁以下儿童的患病率急剧下降.
- 自1992年以来,通过疫苗接种避免了超过4000万例感染和700万例死亡.
- 仍然存在显著的差距:59.78%的人不知道感染,只有17.33%的符合条件的患者接受治疗.
结论:
- 中国更新的指导方针和对诊断/治疗覆盖率的关注对于实现世卫组织消除目标至关重要.
- 积极参与开发新型疗法的目标是功能性HBV治疗.
- 中国的综合战略为全球消除HBV的努力提供了宝贵的见解.
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