在ART患者中艾滋病病毒反弹的患病率和相关因素:一项系统性审查研究
Lindokuhle Ndlazi1, Mathildah M Mokgatle1, Lindiwe P Cele1
1Department of Public Health, School of Healthcare Sciences, Sefako Makgatho Health Sciences University, Tshwane, South Africa.
Journal of public health in Africa
|September 12, 2025
概括
在接受抗逆转录病毒疗法 (ART) 的艾滋病毒患者中,病毒反弹 (VR) 是由多种因素驱动的,而缺乏ART坚持是主要原因. 改进的遵守策略对于减少南非VR至关重要.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 传染性疾病 传染性疾病
- 流行病学 流行病学
背景情况:
- 病毒反弹 (VR),在抑制后可检测的人类免疫缺陷病毒 (HIV) 病毒载荷的复苏,对在南非接受抗逆转录病毒疗法 (ART) 的个人构成重大挑战.
- 尽管可以免费获得治疗,但VR仍然是一个持续的问题,需要更深入地了解其潜在原因.
研究的目的:
- 系统地审查和确定在南非接受ART的个人中艾滋病毒VR的流行率.
- 识别和分析与艾滋病毒VR相关的促成因素.
主要方法:
- 一个系统的审查,遵循PRISMA指南和Cochrane方法.
- 从PubMed,EBSCOhost和Scopus系统搜索数据,在选后,23篇文章符合纳入标准.
- 用Joanna Briggs Institute的评估工具来评估偏见的风险.
主要成果:
- 病毒反弹的流行率在不同人群中有所不同,并受到复杂的因素相互作用的影响.
- 关键的贡献因素包括生物,遗传,人口,社会经济和结构因素,以及错过预约,生活方式行为和临床管理等问题.
- 缺乏对ART的坚持是病毒反弹的重要驱动因素.
结论:
- 艾滋病病毒反弹是多因素的,源于生物学,社会和与治疗相关的因素,ART的不坚持是主要的贡献者.
- 这些发现强调了加强依从策略的必要性,以有效地减少VR和改善患者的治疗结果.
相关概念视频
Retrovirus Life Cycles
49.3K
Retroviruses have a single-stranded RNA genome that undergoes a special form of replication. Once the retrovirus has entered the host cell, an enzyme called reverse transcriptase synthesizes double-stranded DNA from the retroviral RNA genome. This DNA copy of the genome is then integrated into the host’s genome inside the nucleus via an enzyme called integrase. Consequently, the retroviral genome is transcribed into RNA whenever the host’s genome is transcribed, allowing the...
49.3K
Size and Structure of Viral Genomes
704
Viral genomes exhibit remarkable diversity in size, structure, and composition, influencing their replication strategies and interactions with host cells. These genomes consist of either DNA or RNA and may be linear or circular. Additionally, they can be single-stranded or double-stranded, with each configuration affecting how the virus propagates within a host. RNA viruses, for instance, generally have smaller genomes than DNA viruses, a factor that contributes to their high mutation rates and...
704
Pulmonary Tuberculosis I
846
Tuberculosis, often called TB, is a contagious illness primarily caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. It mainly affects the lung parenchyma but can also impact other body parts.
Causative Organism
The primary infectious agent causing tuberculosis is Mycobacterium tuberculosis, a slow-growing, acid-fast, aerobic rod that exhibits sensitivity to heat and ultraviolet light. Instances of Mycobacterium bovis and Mycobacterium avium contributing to the development of TB infection are rare.
Mode of...
Causative Organism
The primary infectious agent causing tuberculosis is Mycobacterium tuberculosis, a slow-growing, acid-fast, aerobic rod that exhibits sensitivity to heat and ultraviolet light. Instances of Mycobacterium bovis and Mycobacterium avium contributing to the development of TB infection are rare.
Mode of...
846
Sexually Transmitted Infections
941
Sexually transmitted infections (STIs) are diseases transmitted primarily through unsafe sexual interactions. Bacteria, viruses, or parasites cause them and can result in severe health complications if untreated.ChlamydiaThe bacterium Chlamydia trachomatis is responsible for the disease Chlamydia, the most common STI in the United States. This peculiar pathogen requires human cells to reproduce, residing intracellularly. The initial infection often goes unnoticed because it typically does not...
941
Viral Mutations
39.7K
A mutation is a change in the sequence of bases of DNA or RNA in a genome. Some mutations occur during replication of the genome due to errors made by the polymerase enzymes that replicate DNA or RNA. Unlike DNA polymerase, RNA polymerase is prone to errors because it is not capable of “proofreading” its work. Viruses with RNA-based genomes, like HIV, therefore accrue mutations faster than viruses with DNA-based genomes. Because mutation and recombination provide the raw material...
39.7K


