基于他人学到的偏好来制定政策,可以在社会观察下做出风险决策
1Department of Biomedical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, Ulsan, Republic of Korea.
eLife
|September 12, 2025
概括
当被观察时,人们会承担更多的风险,因为他们相信其他人更有风险. 这项研究揭示了大脑如何模拟他人的选择,以影响决策.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 社会心理学 社会心理学
- 决策科学 决策科学 决策科学
背景情况:
- 观察别人的选择会影响个人决策.
- 被观察往往会导致更有风险的行为,这种现象不能完全由社会一致性来解释.
- 在社会影响和在审查下观察到的行为之间存在差异.
研究的目的:
- 测试假设,观察下的冒险行为差异源于个人对他人的风险偏好的信念.
- 探讨在个人预期被观察时做出的决定背后的认知和神经机制.
主要方法:
- 一个博任务被采用,参与者知道他们的选择被不同风险偏好的合作伙伴观察.
- 参与者事先了解了伴侣的偏好,从而形成了信念.
- 功能磁共振成像 (fMRI) 用于检查决策过程中的大脑活动.
主要成果:
- 参与者最初认为他们的伴侣会做出更有风险的选择.
- 个人模拟了他们的伴侣的选择,并将这些模拟纳入了自己的决定.
- fMRI数据表明,模拟的伴侣选择,根据决策概率进行调整,在 temporoparietal junction (TPJ) 中表示.
结论:
- 这项研究为社会观察如何影响决策提供了神经机械学的解释.
- 顶结 (TPJ) 和背中前额皮层 (dmPFC) 在模拟基于个人信仰的社会背景方面发挥着至关重要的作用.
- 大脑连接的个体差异 (TPJ-dmPFC) 与社会依赖和对社会线索的敏感性有关.
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