语言样本诱导语境对幼儿园儿童聋和听力障碍的复杂语法使用和生产力的影响
Tiana M Cowan1, Emily Lund2, Krystal Werfel1
1Center for Childhood Deafness, Language and Learning, Boys Town National Research Hospital, Omaha, NE.
Journal of speech, language, and hearing research : JSLHR
|September 12, 2025
概括
语言样本语境影响学龄前儿童的语言复杂性. 陈述式和叙事式的重述语境在聋子和听力障碍儿童 (DHH) 和典型听力 (CTH) 的同龄人中引起了更复杂的语法.
科学领域:
- 语音语言病理学 语言病理学
- 发展语言学是发展语言学.
- 儿科听力学 儿科听力学
背景情况:
- 语音语言病理学家 (SLP) 根据评估目标和个体儿童需求选择语言样本诱导方法.
- 虽然叙事重述和解释性语境在学龄儿童中产生了更复杂的语言,但它们对年幼儿童的影响不太了解.
- 这项研究侧重于学龄前儿童,这是语言学习的关键发展时期.
研究的目的:
- 调查对话,阐述和叙事重述语境如何影响与正常听力同龄人 (CTH) 相比,聋和听力障碍 (DHH) 的学龄前儿童的语言生产力和复杂语法.
- 确定诱导上下文是否对DHH学龄前儿童与CTH学龄前儿童的语言复杂性产生不同影响.
- 为小学生语言评估的语境选择提供基于证据的建议.
主要方法:
- 对69名四岁英语儿童的数据进行了二次分析,包括DHH,年龄相匹配的CTH和语言相匹配的CTH组.
- 使用哈德利 (1998年) 的协议收集语言样本,按诱导背景 (对话,陈述,叙事重述) 分段.
- 分析的重点是生产力 (发言,发言的平均长度在形态语[MLUm]) 和复杂的语法尝试,使用通用线性混合模型.
主要成果:
- 所有的孩子在谈话环境中都产生了更多的发言,而不是在陈述或叙事重述环境中.
- 在控制发言数后,与所有小组的对话相比,陈述性话语显著增加了MLUm和复杂的语法尝试.
- 类似的趋势,虽然在统计学上并不显著,但在叙事重述背景下观察到.
结论:
- 语言诱导上下文显著影响学龄前儿童的语言生产力和复杂语法使用,包括那些听力损失的儿童.
- 陈述和叙事重述的背景对于在学龄前儿童中引起复杂的语法是有价值的.
- 研究结果支持在临床语言采样中使用各种诱导语境,以满足特定的评估目标.
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