下一代非侵入性结肠直肠癌查方法
John M Carethers1,2,3, Folasade P May4,5,6
11Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, San Diego, California, USA;
Annual review of medicine
|September 12, 2025
概括
新的非侵入性结肠直肠癌 (CRC) 查测试比便免疫化学测试 (FIT) 提高了敏感性. 这些进展旨在增加查参与率,并解决目前的查缺口.
科学领域:
- 在瘤学瘤学.
- 胃肠病学 胃肠病学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 结肠直肠癌 (CRC) 查对于早期检测和预防至关重要.
- 目前的查方法,包括便免疫化学测试 (FIT),在参与和敏感性方面面临挑战.
- 将查资格扩大到45岁以上的个人需要改进和可访问的查选项.
研究的目的:
- 审查非侵入性结肠直肠癌 (CRC) 查测试的演变和有效性.
- 将新型CRC查技术的性能与FIT等既定方法进行比较.
- 评估新的非侵入性测试在解决CRC查差异和局限性的潜力.
主要方法:
- 审查美国食品和药物管理局批准的非侵入性CRC查测试.
- 对多目标便DNA,便RNA和基于血液的无细胞DNA测试的临床试验数据的分析.
- 对CRC和先进腺瘤检测与FIT的敏感性和特异性的比较.
主要成果:
- 与FIT相比,新的非侵入性测试表明CRC灵敏度有所提高,但不是特异性.
- 基于便的多目标测试显示,对于晚期腺瘤的敏感性比FIT更强.
- 与FIT相比,基于血液的测试显示复原的晚期腺瘤敏感性.
- 在不同年龄组 (<50岁和>50岁) 中,CRC检测灵敏度是可比的.
结论:
- 新的非侵入性CRC查测试提供了更好的灵敏度,可能会增加查参与率.
- 这些测试可能有助于克服与结肠镜相关的障碍,并解决查差异.
- 需要进一步评估,特别是在基于血液的测试中检测先进的腺瘤.
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