确定产前空气污染和温度暴露以及学龄儿童肺功能的关键窗口和联合影响:来自前性出生队列研究的发现
Cheng-Yang Hu1, Cecilia Sara Alcala2, Hector Lamadrid-Figueroa3
1Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China; Department of Environmental Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY.
Chest
|September 12, 2025
概括
产前暴露于空气污染,包括细颗粒物 (PM2.5) 和二氧化 (NO2),会对儿童的肺功能产生负面影响. 这些影响在女性中尤为明显,凸显了针对性干预措施的必要性,以保护儿童的呼吸系统健康.
科学领域:
- 环境健康 环境健康
- 儿科呼吸系统医学 儿科呼吸系统医学
- 生殖健康 生殖健康
背景情况:
- 产前暴露于空气污染和极端温度等环境因素与儿童的不良呼吸系统结果有关.
- 了解怀孕期间的临界暴露窗口对于制定有效的预防策略至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 确定对空气污染 (PM2.5,NO2) 和影响学童肺功能的温度的临界产前暴露窗口.
- 调查这些环境暴露之间的潜在交互效应.
主要方法:
- 利用基于卫星的模型来估计怀孕期间的日常住宅污染物和温度暴露.
- 在8至14岁的学龄儿童中评估肺功能,使用对共变量调整的z分数.
- 使用分布式滞后非线性模型来分析暴露结果关联和相互作用效应.
主要成果:
- 在特定的妊娠窗口期间,更高的产前PM2.5和NO2暴露与肺功能参数 (FEV1,FVC,FEF25-75%,FEV1/FVC比率) 的降低有关.
- 在不同的产前期,更高的温度和更低的温度都与FVC z分数有关.
- 在女性参与者中观察到空气污染的更强烈的不良影响;空气污染和温度之间没有发现显著的相互作用.
结论:
- 对空气污染的早期暴露显著影响儿童的长期呼吸系统健康.
- 性别特定的脆弱性,特别是在女性中,需要关注有针对性的干预措施.
- 这些发现强调了减轻产前环境暴露的重要性,以保护儿童的肺部发育.
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