在农村地区,残疾人患病率更高吗? 来自15个低收入和中等收入国家的功能困难和夜光数据的证据
Katherine Theiss1, Bradley Carpenter2, Jill Hanass-Hancock2
1Department of Economics, Radford University, PO Box 6952, Radford, VA, 24142, United States.
Disability and health journal
|September 12, 2025
概括
农村地区的成年人报告的功能困难比城市成年人更多. 这项研究使用卫星夜光数据来衡量城市发展,并发现15个低收入和中等收入国家的夜光强度较低和残疾患病率较高之间存在显著联系.
科学领域:
- 全球健康 全球健康
- 城市发展研究 城市发展研究
- 残疾人研究 残疾人研究
背景情况:
- 新出现的证据表明,城市与农村地区的残疾人患病率较低.
- 之前的国家级研究面临的可比性问题是由于农村和城市的定义不同.
研究的目的:
- 检查功能困难与城市发展之间的关联.
- 利用卫星夜灯作为城市发展的国际可比代理.
主要方法:
- 雇佣人口和健康调查数据来自15个低收入和中等收入国家 (LMICs).
- 使用华盛顿小组简短问题集来衡量残疾 (功能困难).
- 应用多级随机拦截模型来评估功能困难与村级夜光强度之间的关系.
主要成果:
- 聚合分析显示,夜间照明较高的村庄 (80%以上) 的成年人报告任何功能困难的几率是夜间照明较低的村庄的0.765倍.
- 这种关联在所有功能领域都很强大,听力,认知和沟通困难的相关性更强.
- 结果表明,城市发展 (夜光强度) 和残疾人患病率之间存在显著的负面关联.
结论:
- 在15个LMIC的农村地区的成年人更有可能遇到功能困难.
- 需要进一步的研究来了解驱动因素,如生活条件的差异,获得服务,资源和环境障碍等.
- 还建议调查与功能困难状况相关的农村-城市迁移模式.
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